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    <title>Qualla: Zindan Fortress</title>
    <link>https://qualla.com/zindan-fortress</link>
    <description><![CDATA[An 18th-century circular fortress in Lankaran, Azerbaijan that served as a military stronghold, a prison where Joseph Stalin reportedly was held, a sewing workshop, and now an art gallery.]]></description>
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    <copyright>© 2026 Bendyline</copyright>
    <lastBuildDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2026 10:21:32 GMT</lastBuildDate>
    <itunes:author>Qualla</itunes:author>
    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[An 18th-century circular fortress in Lankaran, Azerbaijan that served as a military stronghold, a prison where Joseph Stalin reportedly was held, a sewing workshop, and now an art gallery.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <itunes:name>Qualla</itunes:name>
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      <title>Qualla: Zindan Fortress</title>
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      <title>Zindan Fortress: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/zindan-fortress/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Rəcəb Həsənbəyov, CC BY-SA 4.0. The name tells you what it became. Zindan means dungeon in Persian, and for ninety years this round stone tower in the Azerbaijani city of Lankaran held prisoners behind walls originally built for war. But the fortress had a life before incarceration, and it has found another one after. Designed as a military stronghold in the 18th century, repurposed as a prison under Russian occupation, converted to a sewing workshop under the Soviets, and designated as an art gallery after Azerbaijan's independence, the Zindan Fortress has been reinvented more times than the regimes that claimed it.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Rəcəb Həsənbəyov, CC BY-SA 4.0. The name tells you what it became. Zindan means dungeon in Persian, and for ninety years this round stone tower in the Azerbaijani city of Lankaran held prisoners behind walls originally built for war. But the fortress had a life before incarceration, and it has found another one after. Designed as a military stronghold in the 18th century, repurposed as a prison under Russian occupation, converted to a sewing workshop under the Soviets, and designated as an art gallery after Azerbaijan's independence, the Zindan Fortress has been reinvented more times than the regimes that claimed it.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/zindan-fortress/">Zindan Fortress on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Rəcəb Həsənbəyov | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>1</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Zindan Fortress: Twin Strongholds on the Caspian</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/zindan-fortress/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Rəcəb Həsənbəyov, CC BY-SA 4.0. The Zindan Fortress was built as part of the larger Lankaran Fortress system, reportedly at the order of Nadir Shah in the 18th century. It was not alone. A second, nearly identical circular tower stood at the opposite end of the fortress walls, forming the northern and southern ...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Rəcəb Həsənbəyov, CC BY-SA 4.0. The Zindan Fortress was built as part of the larger Lankaran Fortress system, reportedly at the order of Nadir Shah in the 18th century. It was not alone. A second, nearly identical circular tower stood at the opposite end of the fortress walls, forming the northern and southern ...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/zindan-fortress/">Zindan Fortress on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Rəcəb Həsənbəyov | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Zindan Fortress: From Fortress to Dungeon</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/zindan-fortress/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Rəcəb Həsənbəyov, CC BY-SA 4.0. When Russian troops besieged and captured Lankaran, they destroyed the main fortress walls and dissolved the military garrison. The connected defensive system fractured into its component parts. The northern tower became a lighthouse under the Caspian Shipping Company. The southe...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Rəcəb Həsənbəyov, CC BY-SA 4.0. When Russian troops besieged and captured Lankaran, they destroyed the main fortress walls and dissolved the military garrison. The connected defensive system fractured into its component parts. The northern tower became a lighthouse under the Caspian Shipping Company. The southe...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/zindan-fortress/">Zindan Fortress on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Rəcəb Həsənbəyov | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>3</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Zindan Fortress: Reinventions</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/zindan-fortress/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Rəcəb Həsənbəyov, CC BY-SA 4.0. After the prison closed in 1959, the fortress sat empty for a decade before finding an unlikely second life as a sewing workshop from 1970 to 1990. Workers stitched garments inside walls that had once confined convicts. Following Azerbaijan's independence and subsequent restorati...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Rəcəb Həsənbəyov, CC BY-SA 4.0. After the prison closed in 1959, the fortress sat empty for a decade before finding an unlikely second life as a sewing workshop from 1970 to 1990. Workers stitched garments inside walls that had once confined convicts. Following Azerbaijan's independence and subsequent restorati...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/zindan-fortress/">Zindan Fortress on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Rəcəb Həsənbəyov | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Zindan Fortress: Fragile Survival</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/zindan-fortress/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Rəcəb Həsənbəyov, CC BY-SA 4.0. History has not finished testing the fortress. In February 2015, heavy snowfall collapsed a section of the roof, leaving the monument in disrepair. The damage underscored a paradox common to historic structures: the building survived wars, sieges, and regime changes, only to be t...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Rəcəb Həsənbəyov, CC BY-SA 4.0. History has not finished testing the fortress. In February 2015, heavy snowfall collapsed a section of the roof, leaving the monument in disrepair. The damage underscored a paradox common to historic structures: the building survived wars, sieges, and regime changes, only to be t...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/zindan-fortress/">Zindan Fortress on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Rəcəb Həsənbəyov | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
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