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    <title>Qualla: Xiaochangliang</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[A Paleolithic site in the Nihewan Basin where stone tools dated to 1.36 million years ago rewrite the timeline of human habitation in East Asia, first hinted at by a single flint tool that even its discoverer doubted.]]></description>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[A Paleolithic site in the Nihewan Basin where stone tools dated to 1.36 million years ago rewrite the timeline of human habitation in East Asia, first hinted at by a single flint tool that even its discoverer doubted.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Qualla: Xiaochangliang</title>
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      <title>Xiaochangliang: Introduction</title>
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      <description><![CDATA[Pierre Teilhard de Chardin found the flint tool in 1935 and immediately doubted it. The stone was shaped in a way that suggested deliberate human craftsmanship, but the sediments it came from were over a million years old -- far too ancient, by the standards of the day, for toolmaking in East Asia. Even Chardin, one of the most brilliant prehistoric archaeologists of his era, wondered whether nature rather than human hands had produced the artifact. It would take another four decades before excavations at Xiaochangliang, in the Nihewan Basin of Hebei Province, confirmed what that single flint suggested: humans had been making tools here 1.36 million years ago.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Pierre Teilhard de Chardin found the flint tool in 1935 and immediately doubted it. The stone was shaped in a way that suggested deliberate human craftsmanship, but the sediments it came from were over a million years old -- far too ancient, by the standards of the day, for toolmaking in East Asia. Even Chardin, one of the most brilliant prehistoric archaeologists of his era, wondered whether nature rather than human hands had produced the artifact. It would take another four decades before excavations at Xiaochangliang, in the Nihewan Basin of Hebei Province, confirmed what that single flint suggested: humans had been making tools here 1.36 million years ago.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/xiaochangliang/">Xiaochangliang on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 14 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Xiaochangliang: The Scottish Geologist&apos;s Hunch</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/xiaochangliang/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The story begins in 1923, when Scottish geologist George Barbour visited the Nihewan Basin in Yangyuan County, Hebei, and recognized that the ancient lake sediments exposed along the riverbanks were far older than anyone had suspected. Barbour misjudged the age, but his instinct ...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The story begins in 1923, when Scottish geologist George Barbour visited the Nihewan Basin in Yangyuan County, Hebei, and recognized that the ancient lake sediments exposed along the riverbanks were far older than anyone had suspected. Barbour misjudged the age, but his instinct ...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/xiaochangliang/">Xiaochangliang on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 14 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Xiaochangliang: Eclipsed by Peking Man</title>
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      <description><![CDATA[Pei Wenzhong's discovery of Peking Man at Zhoukoudian, hundreds of kilometers to the south, captured the world's attention and redirected the scientific community's focus. Wars and revolution further distracted researchers from the Nihewan Basin. Xiaochangliang sat largely unexam...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Pei Wenzhong's discovery of Peking Man at Zhoukoudian, hundreds of kilometers to the south, captured the world's attention and redirected the scientific community's focus. Wars and revolution further distracted researchers from the Nihewan Basin. Xiaochangliang sat largely unexam...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/xiaochangliang/">Xiaochangliang on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
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      <title>Xiaochangliang: Tools Dated by the Earth&apos;s Own Clock</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/xiaochangliang/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Dating Xiaochangliang proved technically challenging. Asian Paleolithic sites typically lack the volcanic materials that allow isotopic dating methods used so effectively in Africa. Instead, researchers turned to magnetostratigraphy, which dates geological layers by identifying w...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Dating Xiaochangliang proved technically challenging. Asian Paleolithic sites typically lack the volcanic materials that allow isotopic dating methods used so effectively in Africa. Instead, researchers turned to magnetostratigraphy, which dates geological layers by identifying w...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/xiaochangliang/">Xiaochangliang on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
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      <title>Xiaochangliang: Forty Sites and Counting</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/xiaochangliang/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Xiaochangliang turned out to be just one window into the Nihewan Basin's deep past. Archaeologists have now identified 40 sites in the basin dating to approximately one million years or older, making it one of the densest concentrations of early Paleolithic occupation outside Afr...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Xiaochangliang turned out to be just one window into the Nihewan Basin's deep past. Archaeologists have now identified 40 sites in the basin dating to approximately one million years or older, making it one of the densest concentrations of early Paleolithic occupation outside Afr...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/xiaochangliang/">Xiaochangliang on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
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