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    <title>Qualla: West Kordofan</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[A Sudanese state created, abolished, and recreated - West Kordofan's geography of oil, cattle, and ethnic mixing has made it a central theater of both the 2005 peace agreement and the current civil war.]]></description>
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    <lastBuildDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2026 10:21:29 GMT</lastBuildDate>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[A Sudanese state created, abolished, and recreated - West Kordofan's geography of oil, cattle, and ethnic mixing has made it a central theater of both the 2005 peace agreement and the current civil war.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Qualla: West Kordofan</title>
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      <title>West Kordofan: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/west-kordofan/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Aziz rudwan, CC BY-SA 4.0. West Kordofan has been invented and erased and invented again. The state was created in 1994. Abolished in 2005. Recreated in 2013. Each redrawing of the map reflected what Sudanese politicians wanted the state's 1.3 million people to be: part of this administrative unit or that, tied to this peace agreement or the next, reckoned with a particular ethnic arithmetic in Khartoum. Meanwhile, on the ground, the Hamar and Misseriya tribes grazed cattle, farmers grew sorghum, oil pipelines ran northeast to Port Sudan, and now, since 2023, almost the entire state has passed under the control of the Rapid Support Forces.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Aziz rudwan, CC BY-SA 4.0. West Kordofan has been invented and erased and invented again. The state was created in 1994. Abolished in 2005. Recreated in 2013. Each redrawing of the map reflected what Sudanese politicians wanted the state's 1.3 million people to be: part of this administrative unit or that, tied to this peace agreement or the next, reckoned with a particular ethnic arithmetic in Khartoum. Meanwhile, on the ground, the Hamar and Misseriya tribes grazed cattle, farmers grew sorghum, oil pipelines ran northeast to Port Sudan, and now, since 2023, almost the entire state has passed under the control of the Rapid Support Forces.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/west-kordofan/">West Kordofan on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Aziz rudwan | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>1</itunes:episode>
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      <title>West Kordofan: Oil, Cattle, and Contested Borders</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/west-kordofan/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Aziz rudwan, CC BY-SA 4.0. West Kordofan covers 111,373 square kilometers - larger than some European countries - in central-western Sudan, bridging the Sahel transition zone between the Sahara to the north and the savannas further south. Al-Fulah is the state capital. The state's historic identity is shap...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Aziz rudwan, CC BY-SA 4.0. West Kordofan covers 111,373 square kilometers - larger than some European countries - in central-western Sudan, bridging the Sahel transition zone between the Sahara to the north and the savannas further south. Al-Fulah is the state capital. The state's historic identity is shap...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/west-kordofan/">West Kordofan on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Aziz rudwan | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
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      <title>West Kordofan: A State Abolished</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/west-kordofan/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Aziz rudwan, CC BY-SA 4.0. In August 2005, following the Comprehensive Peace Agreement signed at Naivasha in Kenya that ended the Second Sudanese Civil War, West Kordofan was abolished. The protocol required that Southern Kordofan's boundaries match the old provincial lines, which meant West Kordofan had t...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Aziz rudwan, CC BY-SA 4.0. In August 2005, following the Comprehensive Peace Agreement signed at Naivasha in Kenya that ended the Second Sudanese Civil War, West Kordofan was abolished. The protocol required that Southern Kordofan's boundaries match the old provincial lines, which meant West Kordofan had t...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/west-kordofan/">West Kordofan on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Aziz rudwan | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>West Kordofan: Ethnic Economics</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/west-kordofan/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Aziz rudwan, CC BY-SA 4.0. The state's population is a dense weave of different peoples. The Misseriya Arabs are pastoral cattle-herders whose migrations south into what is now South Sudan have historically brought them into conflict with the Dinka Ngok of Abyei. The Hamar - whose name is given to the trib...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Aziz rudwan, CC BY-SA 4.0. The state's population is a dense weave of different peoples. The Misseriya Arabs are pastoral cattle-herders whose migrations south into what is now South Sudan have historically brought them into conflict with the Dinka Ngok of Abyei. The Hamar - whose name is given to the trib...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/west-kordofan/">West Kordofan on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Aziz rudwan | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
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      <title>West Kordofan: The RSF Takes the State</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/west-kordofan/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Aziz rudwan, CC BY-SA 4.0. When the current civil war began on 15 April 2023, West Kordofan's location - on the road between Darfur and Khartoum, rich in oil, sparsely defended - made it a strategic prize. On 25 April 2023, the RSF seized Wad Banda. For the first four months, other parts of the state remai...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Aziz rudwan, CC BY-SA 4.0. When the current civil war began on 15 April 2023, West Kordofan's location - on the road between Darfur and Khartoum, rich in oil, sparsely defended - made it a strategic prize. On 25 April 2023, the RSF seized Wad Banda. For the first four months, other parts of the state remai...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/west-kordofan/">West Kordofan on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Aziz rudwan | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>West Kordofan: What a State Becomes</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/west-kordofan/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Aziz rudwan, CC BY-SA 4.0. The people of West Kordofan are living through what is now their fourth major political reconfiguration in thirty years - first the 1994 creation of the state, then the 2005 abolition, then the 2013 reestablishment, and now the 2023-onward fracturing under RSF control. The distin...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Aziz rudwan, CC BY-SA 4.0. The people of West Kordofan are living through what is now their fourth major political reconfiguration in thirty years - first the 1994 creation of the state, then the 2005 abolition, then the 2013 reestablishment, and now the 2023-onward fracturing under RSF control. The distin...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/west-kordofan/">West Kordofan on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Aziz rudwan | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>6</itunes:episode>
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