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    <title>Qualla: Tomohon</title>
    <link>https://qualla.com/tomohon</link>
    <description><![CDATA[Flanked by two active volcanoes in the Sulawesi highlands, Indonesia's 'City of Flowers' grows orchids in volcanic soil, runs horse carts through its streets, and hosts an observatory connected to NASA telescopes.]]></description>
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    <lastBuildDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2026 10:21:37 GMT</lastBuildDate>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[Flanked by two active volcanoes in the Sulawesi highlands, Indonesia's 'City of Flowers' grows orchids in volcanic soil, runs horse carts through its streets, and hosts an observatory connected to NASA telescopes.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Qualla: Tomohon</title>
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      <title>Tomohon: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/tomohon/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Reverend Nicolaas Graafland visited Tomohon in 1850 and described it as a heart-capturing country on the Minahasa highland. A century and a half later, the description still holds. Tomohon sits at roughly 700 meters above sea level, flanked by two active volcanoes -- Mount Lokon to the west and Mount Mahawu to the north -- in a landscape where volcanic eruptions have been building fertile soil for millennia. The air is noticeably cooler than in Manado, the provincial capital just 25 kilometers downhill. Flowers grow in front of nearly every home. The city's nickname is Kota Bunga -- City of Flowers -- and unlike most civic slogans, this one you can verify from any street corner.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Reverend Nicolaas Graafland visited Tomohon in 1850 and described it as a heart-capturing country on the Minahasa highland. A century and a half later, the description still holds. Tomohon sits at roughly 700 meters above sea level, flanked by two active volcanoes -- Mount Lokon to the west and Mount Mahawu to the north -- in a landscape where volcanic eruptions have been building fertile soil for millennia. The air is noticeably cooler than in Manado, the provincial capital just 25 kilometers downhill. Flowers grow in front of nearly every home. The city's nickname is Kota Bunga -- City of Flowers -- and unlike most civic slogans, this one you can verify from any street corner.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/tomohon/">Tomohon on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 09 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Tomohon: From District to City in 150 Years</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/tomohon/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Tomohon's administrative history is a study in Indonesian reorganization. Originally a district of the Toumbulu people in northwestern Minahasa, it consisted of five communities: Talete, Kamasi, Paslaten, Kolongan, and Matani. The Sarongsong district was folded in during 1880, an...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Tomohon's administrative history is a study in Indonesian reorganization. Originally a district of the Toumbulu people in northwestern Minahasa, it consisted of five communities: Talete, Kamasi, Paslaten, Kolongan, and Matani. The Sarongsong district was folded in during 1880, an...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/tomohon/">Tomohon on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 09 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Tomohon: Fire and Fertility</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/tomohon/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The geology beneath Tomohon explains everything above it. The city sits on the Pacific Ring of Fire, and its soil is composed of young volcanic rock -- andesitic and basaltic tuff that is brittle, easily eroded, and extraordinarily fertile. The eruptions that threaten also nouris...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The geology beneath Tomohon explains everything above it. The city sits on the Pacific Ring of Fire, and its soil is composed of young volcanic rock -- andesitic and basaltic tuff that is brittle, easily eroded, and extraordinarily fertile. The eruptions that threaten also nouris...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/tomohon/">Tomohon on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 09 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>3</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Tomohon: Horse Carts, Flower Parades, and a Telescope</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/tomohon/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Tomohon's streets still carry bendi -- traditional horse carts that serve as public transportation alongside the mikrolet minibuses. Once a year, the city hosts the Tomohon Flower Festival, a parade that runs from Kakaskasen in the north through the main city road to the Tololiu ...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Tomohon's streets still carry bendi -- traditional horse carts that serve as public transportation alongside the mikrolet minibuses. Once a year, the city hosts the Tomohon Flower Festival, a parade that runs from Kakaskasen in the north through the main city road to the Tololiu ...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/tomohon/">Tomohon on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 09 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Tomohon: The Market That Changed</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/tomohon/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Not everything about Tomohon charmed its visitors. The Tomohon Extreme Market, a wet market in the city center, became notorious for selling exotic animals and wildlife, including dog and cat meat. The market attracted sustained criticism from animal activists in Indonesia and ab...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Not everything about Tomohon charmed its visitors. The Tomohon Extreme Market, a wet market in the city center, became notorious for selling exotic animals and wildlife, including dog and cat meat. The market attracted sustained criticism from animal activists in Indonesia and ab...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/tomohon/">Tomohon on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 09 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Tomohon: A City That Educates</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/tomohon/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The old nickname endures in substance. Tomohon hosts 327 kindergartens, 68 elementary schools, 24 middle schools, and 10 high schools. Several universities anchor the city's educational identity, including a faculty of Manado State University, the Christian University of Indonesi...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The old nickname endures in substance. Tomohon hosts 327 kindergartens, 68 elementary schools, 24 middle schools, and 10 high schools. Several universities anchor the city's educational identity, including a faculty of Manado State University, the Christian University of Indonesi...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/tomohon/">Tomohon on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 09 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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