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    <title>Qualla: Tbilisi</title>
    <link>https://qualla.com/tbilisi</link>
    <description><![CDATA[Where Georgia's capital tumbles down gorge walls to sulfur baths, where alphabet and wine were invented, where East meets West in a city that has been conquered and rebuilt dozens of times.]]></description>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[Where Georgia's capital tumbles down gorge walls to sulfur baths, where alphabet and wine were invented, where East meets West in a city that has been conquered and rebuilt dozens of times.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <itunes:name>Qualla</itunes:name>
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      <title>Qualla: Tbilisi</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/tbilisi</link>
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      <title>Tbilisi: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/tbilisi/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Mostafameraji, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tbilisi spills down the walls of a gorge carved by the Mtkvari River, its buildings climbing slopes so steep that houses stack on top of each other. Legend says the city was founded in the 5th century when King Vakhtang Gorgasali discovered hot sulfur springs while hunting; the name Tbilisi derives from the Georgian word for warm. The city has been conquered over fifty times - by Persians, Arabs, Mongols, Turks, Russians - each occupation destroying and rebuilding, each departure leaving traces. Tbilisi holds 1.1 million people, the capital of a country whose wine culture may be the world's oldest, whose alphabet is unique, whose position between empires has made survival its defining achievement.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Mostafameraji, CC BY-SA 4.0. Tbilisi spills down the walls of a gorge carved by the Mtkvari River, its buildings climbing slopes so steep that houses stack on top of each other. Legend says the city was founded in the 5th century when King Vakhtang Gorgasali discovered hot sulfur springs while hunting; the name Tbilisi derives from the Georgian word for warm. The city has been conquered over fifty times - by Persians, Arabs, Mongols, Turks, Russians - each occupation destroying and rebuilding, each departure leaving traces. Tbilisi holds 1.1 million people, the capital of a country whose wine culture may be the world's oldest, whose alphabet is unique, whose position between empires has made survival its defining achievement.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/tbilisi/">Tbilisi on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Mostafameraji | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>1</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Tbilisi: The Old Town</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/tbilisi/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Gobrona, Public domain. Tbilisi's old town, Kala, clings to hillsides below Narikala Fortress, its narrow streets and wooden balconies surviving Soviet-era neglect and post-Soviet renovation. The architecture is distinctive: the carved wooden balconies that overhang streets, the courtyards hidden behind...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Gobrona, Public domain. Tbilisi's old town, Kala, clings to hillsides below Narikala Fortress, its narrow streets and wooden balconies surviving Soviet-era neglect and post-Soviet renovation. The architecture is distinctive: the carved wooden balconies that overhang streets, the courtyards hidden behind...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/tbilisi/">Tbilisi on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Gobrona | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Tbilisi: The Sulfur Baths</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/tbilisi/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Mostafameraji, CC BY-SA 4.0. The sulfur baths of Abanotubani - the bath district - have operated since the city's founding, their domed buildings clustered in a neighborhood that Alexander Dumas and Pushkin both praised. The hot springs that attracted King Vakhtang still flow, their sulfurous water believed ...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Mostafameraji, CC BY-SA 4.0. The sulfur baths of Abanotubani - the bath district - have operated since the city's founding, their domed buildings clustered in a neighborhood that Alexander Dumas and Pushkin both praised. The hot springs that attracted King Vakhtang still flow, their sulfurous water believed ...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/tbilisi/">Tbilisi on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Mostafameraji | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>3</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Tbilisi: The Wine</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/tbilisi/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit neiljs, CC BY 2.0. Georgia may be where wine was invented - archaeological evidence suggests winemaking here 8,000 years ago, earlier than anywhere else. The traditional qvevri method, fermenting wine in clay vessels buried underground, is UNESCO-recognized intangible heritage. The grape varieties ...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit neiljs, CC BY 2.0. Georgia may be where wine was invented - archaeological evidence suggests winemaking here 8,000 years ago, earlier than anywhere else. The traditional qvevri method, fermenting wine in clay vessels buried underground, is UNESCO-recognized intangible heritage. The grape varieties ...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/tbilisi/">Tbilisi on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: neiljs | CC BY 2.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Tbilisi: The Alphabet</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/tbilisi/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Phyrexian, CC BY-SA 4.0. Georgian is written in its own alphabet, one of only fourteen scripts currently in use that developed independently. The curved, elegant letters that cover signs and buildings are unique to Georgia, unchanged in their basic form for over 1,500 years. The alphabet's distinctivenes...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Phyrexian, CC BY-SA 4.0. Georgian is written in its own alphabet, one of only fourteen scripts currently in use that developed independently. The curved, elegant letters that cover signs and buildings are unique to Georgia, unchanged in their basic form for over 1,500 years. The alphabet's distinctivenes...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/tbilisi/">Tbilisi on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Phyrexian | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Tbilisi: The Feast</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/tbilisi/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Vyacheslav Argenberg, CC BY 4.0. The supra - the Georgian feast - is institution as much as meal. The tamada, or toastmaster, leads elaborate sequences of toasts that can continue for hours; the khinkali dumplings and khachapuri cheese bread provide sustenance; the wine flows in quantities that other cultures wo...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Vyacheslav Argenberg, CC BY 4.0. The supra - the Georgian feast - is institution as much as meal. The tamada, or toastmaster, leads elaborate sequences of toasts that can continue for hours; the khinkali dumplings and khachapuri cheese bread provide sustenance; the wine flows in quantities that other cultures wo...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/tbilisi/">Tbilisi on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Vyacheslav Argenberg | CC BY 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>6</itunes:episode>
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