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    <title>Qualla: Steward Observatory</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[A widow's $60,000 gift in 1916 launched an astronomical empire that now builds mirrors for humanity's most powerful telescopes, including the James Webb Space Telescope.]]></description>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[A widow's $60,000 gift in 1916 launched an astronomical empire that now builds mirrors for humanity's most powerful telescopes, including the James Webb Space Telescope.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Qualla: Steward Observatory</title>
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      <title>Steward Observatory: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/steward-observatory/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Alex Lovell-Troy from Managua, Nicaragua, CC BY 2.0. Beneath the east side of Arizona Stadium, where football crowds cheer on Saturday afternoons, molten glass spins in a rotating furnace at 2,140 degrees Fahrenheit. This is the Richard F. Caris Mirror Laboratory, part of Steward Observatory, casting 8.4-meter telescope mirrors that no other facility on Earth can make. The scene would have astonished Lavinia Steward, the wealthy widow from Oracle, Arizona, whose anonymous $60,000 donation in 1916 founded the observatory that bears her late husband's name. From that single gift, intended to buy 'a telescope of huge size,' has grown one of the world's most influential astronomical research institutions, with telescopes spanning five Arizona mountaintops, plus sites in New Mexico, Hawaii, and Chile.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Alex Lovell-Troy from Managua, Nicaragua, CC BY 2.0. Beneath the east side of Arizona Stadium, where football crowds cheer on Saturday afternoons, molten glass spins in a rotating furnace at 2,140 degrees Fahrenheit. This is the Richard F. Caris Mirror Laboratory, part of Steward Observatory, casting 8.4-meter telescope mirrors that no other facility on Earth can make. The scene would have astonished Lavinia Steward, the wealthy widow from Oracle, Arizona, whose anonymous $60,000 donation in 1916 founded the observatory that bears her late husband's name. From that single gift, intended to buy 'a telescope of huge size,' has grown one of the world's most influential astronomical research institutions, with telescopes spanning five Arizona mountaintops, plus sites in New Mexico, Hawaii, and Chile.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/steward-observatory/">Steward Observatory on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Alex Lovell-Troy from Managua, Nicaragua | CC BY 2.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Wed, 04 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>1</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Steward Observatory: Ten Years of Frustration</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/steward-observatory/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Rubin Obs./AURA/NSF/T. Jenness, CC BY 4.0. Andrew Ellicott Douglass arrived in Tucson in 1906 with a borrowed telescope and a dream. The astronomer, who would later pioneer dendrochronology and revolutionize climate science through tree-ring dating, took a position as Assistant Professor of Physics and Geography at the Un...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Rubin Obs./AURA/NSF/T. Jenness, CC BY 4.0. Andrew Ellicott Douglass arrived in Tucson in 1906 with a borrowed telescope and a dream. The astronomer, who would later pioneer dendrochronology and revolutionize climate science through tree-ring dating, took a position as Assistant Professor of Physics and Geography at the Un...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/steward-observatory/">Steward Observatory on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Rubin Obs./AURA/NSF/T. Jenness | CC BY 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Wed, 04 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Steward Observatory: A Widow&apos;s Memorial</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/steward-observatory/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit KPNO/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/T. Slovinský, CC BY 4.0. On October 18, 1916, University President Rufus B. von KleinSmid made a startling announcement: an anonymous donor had given $60,000 to buy a large telescope. The donor was Lavinia Steward, a wealthy widow living in Oracle, a small town in the Santa Catalina foothills north of Tu...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit KPNO/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/T. Slovinský, CC BY 4.0. On October 18, 1916, University President Rufus B. von KleinSmid made a startling announcement: an anonymous donor had given $60,000 to buy a large telescope. The donor was Lavinia Steward, a wealthy widow living in Oracle, a small town in the Santa Catalina foothills north of Tu...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/steward-observatory/">Steward Observatory on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: KPNO/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/T. Slovinský | CC BY 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Wed, 04 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Steward Observatory: Mountains of Glass and Light</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/steward-observatory/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit KPNO/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/T. Slovinský, CC BY 4.0. Steward Observatory today operates telescopes across an empire of mountaintops. In southern Arizona alone, it manages Mount Graham International Observatory, Mount Lemmon Station, and Catalina Station on Mount Bigelow. It operates instruments at Kitt Peak National Observatory and...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit KPNO/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/T. Slovinský, CC BY 4.0. Steward Observatory today operates telescopes across an empire of mountaintops. In southern Arizona alone, it manages Mount Graham International Observatory, Mount Lemmon Station, and Catalina Station on Mount Bigelow. It operates instruments at Kitt Peak National Observatory and...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/steward-observatory/">Steward Observatory on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: KPNO/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/T. Slovinský | CC BY 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Wed, 04 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Steward Observatory: The Mirror Factory</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/steward-observatory/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Burley Packwood, CC BY-SA 4.0. The Caris Mirror Lab has revolutionized how humanity builds telescopes. Its engineers pioneered spin-casting lightweight honeycomb mirrors in a rotating furnace, a technique that produces mirrors both lighter and more stable than solid glass. Stressed-lap polishing achieves surfa...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Burley Packwood, CC BY-SA 4.0. The Caris Mirror Lab has revolutionized how humanity builds telescopes. Its engineers pioneered spin-casting lightweight honeycomb mirrors in a rotating furnace, a technique that produces mirrors both lighter and more stable than solid glass. Stressed-lap polishing achieves surfa...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/steward-observatory/">Steward Observatory on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Burley Packwood | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Wed, 04 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Steward Observatory: Eyes Beyond Earth</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/steward-observatory/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit KPNO/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/T. Slovinský, CC BY 4.0. Steward's influence reaches beyond any mountain. The Infrared Detector Laboratory built the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer for the Hubble Space Telescope and the Multiband Imaging Photometer for the Spitzer Space Telescope. For the James Webb Space Telescope, ...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit KPNO/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/T. Slovinský, CC BY 4.0. Steward's influence reaches beyond any mountain. The Infrared Detector Laboratory built the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer for the Hubble Space Telescope and the Multiband Imaging Photometer for the Spitzer Space Telescope. For the James Webb Space Telescope, ...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/steward-observatory/">Steward Observatory on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: KPNO/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/T. Slovinský | CC BY 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Wed, 04 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>6</itunes:episode>
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