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    <title>Qualla: Secunda CTL</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[On the Mpumalanga Highveld, a sprawling plant turns coal into petrol and, in the process, emits more carbon dioxide than the whole of Portugal.]]></description>
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    <lastBuildDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2026 10:21:25 GMT</lastBuildDate>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[On the Mpumalanga Highveld, a sprawling plant turns coal into petrol and, in the process, emits more carbon dioxide than the whole of Portugal.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Qualla: Secunda CTL</title>
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      <title>Secunda CTL: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/secunda-ctl/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[There is one place on Earth where you can fill a car with petrol made entirely from rock. It sits on the grassland of Mpumalanga, a city-sized tangle of towers, pipes, and chimneys that never sleeps. Secunda was conjured from chemistry and politics: a town and a plant built so that an isolated nation could make its own fuel without a drop of crude oil. The result is an industrial marvel and an environmental superlative of the worst kind, the single largest source of greenhouse gas on the planet.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>There is one place on Earth where you can fill a car with petrol made entirely from rock. It sits on the grassland of Mpumalanga, a city-sized tangle of towers, pipes, and chimneys that never sleeps. Secunda was conjured from chemistry and politics: a town and a plant built so that an isolated nation could make its own fuel without a drop of crude oil. The result is an industrial marvel and an environmental superlative of the worst kind, the single largest source of greenhouse gas on the planet.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/secunda-ctl/">Secunda CTL on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Secunda CTL: Petrol From Coal</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/secunda-ctl/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The trick is older than it looks. The Fischer-Tropsch process, developed in Germany in the 1920s, gasifies coal and reassembles the gas into liquid hydrocarbons, in effect manufacturing crude oil from a mineral. Sasol scaled it up to a degree no one else ever has. The Secunda com...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The trick is older than it looks. The Fischer-Tropsch process, developed in Germany in the 1920s, gasifies coal and reassembles the gas into liquid hydrocarbons, in effect manufacturing crude oil from a mineral. Sasol scaled it up to a degree no one else ever has. The Secunda com...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/secunda-ctl/">Secunda CTL on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Secunda CTL: Born of Embargo</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/secunda-ctl/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Secunda exists because of isolation. When the oil shocks of the 1970s and the growing embargo against apartheid South Africa threatened to cut off imported crude, the government bet on its one abundant resource: coal. Building the plant was a way to make the country fuel-independ...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Secunda exists because of isolation. When the oil shocks of the 1970s and the growing embargo against apartheid South Africa threatened to cut off imported crude, the government bet on its one abundant resource: coal. Building the plant was a way to make the country fuel-independ...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/secunda-ctl/">Secunda CTL on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Secunda CTL: The Carbon Giant</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/secunda-ctl/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The same chemistry that frees a country from imported oil exacts an enormous price in carbon. Turning solid coal into liquid fuel is profoundly carbon-intensive, and Secunda releases about 56.5 million tonnes of carbon dioxide every year, more than entire industrialized nations s...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The same chemistry that frees a country from imported oil exacts an enormous price in carbon. Turning solid coal into liquid fuel is profoundly carbon-intensive, and Secunda releases about 56.5 million tonnes of carbon dioxide every year, more than entire industrialized nations s...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/secunda-ctl/">Secunda CTL on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Secunda CTL: A Skyline of Its Own</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/secunda-ctl/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[From the air, Secunda announces itself long before you reach it. Cooling towers and gas flares cluster across the veld, and above them all rises the Sasol III steam plant chimney, a reinforced-concrete stack about 301 meters tall. It is the tallest free-standing structure in sub-...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>From the air, Secunda announces itself long before you reach it. Cooling towers and gas flares cluster across the veld, and above them all rises the Sasol III steam plant chimney, a reinforced-concrete stack about 301 meters tall. It is the tallest free-standing structure in sub-...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/secunda-ctl/">Secunda CTL on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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