<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rss version="2.0"
     xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd"
     xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"
     xmlns:podcast="https://podcastindex.org/namespace/1.0"
     xmlns:psc="http://podlove.org/simple-chapters">
  <channel>
    <title>Qualla: Qashliq</title>
    <link>https://qualla.com/qashliq</link>
    <description><![CDATA[The medieval Siberian Tatar fortress on the Irtysh River that served as the capital of the Khanate of Sibir and gave the vast region of Siberia its name.]]></description>
    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>© 2026 Bendyline</copyright>
    <lastBuildDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2026 10:21:36 GMT</lastBuildDate>
    <itunes:author>Qualla</itunes:author>
    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[The medieval Siberian Tatar fortress on the Irtysh River that served as the capital of the Khanate of Sibir and gave the vast region of Siberia its name.]]></itunes:summary>
    <itunes:type>serial</itunes:type>
    <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
    <itunes:image href="https://qualla.com/_res/siteimages/rsslogo.png"/>
    <itunes:owner>
      <itunes:name>Qualla</itunes:name>
      <itunes:email>support@bendyline.com</itunes:email>
    </itunes:owner>
    <itunes:category text="Society &amp; Culture">
        <itunes:category text="Places &amp; Travel"/>
    </itunes:category>
    <podcast:locked>yes</podcast:locked>
    <image>
      <url>https://qualla.com/_res/siteimages/rsslogo.png</url>
      <title>Qualla: Qashliq</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/qashliq</link>
    </image>
    <item>
      <title>Qashliq: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/qashliq/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The name of the largest geographic region on earth traces back to a single fortress. Qashliq -- also known as Isker, or simply Sibir -- stood on the right bank of the Irtysh River at its confluence with the small Sibirka rivulet, roughly 17 kilometers from what is now the city of Tobolsk. A Siberian Tatar stronghold that served as the capital of the Khanate of Sibir during the 16th century, this fortified settlement lent its name first to the khanate, then to the entire expanse of northern Asia stretching from the Urals to the Pacific. The fortress itself is gone. The name it bestowed encompasses eleven time zones.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The name of the largest geographic region on earth traces back to a single fortress. Qashliq -- also known as Isker, or simply Sibir -- stood on the right bank of the Irtysh River at its confluence with the small Sibirka rivulet, roughly 17 kilometers from what is now the city of Tobolsk. A Siberian Tatar stronghold that served as the capital of the Khanate of Sibir during the 16th century, this fortified settlement lent its name first to the khanate, then to the entire expanse of northern Asia stretching from the Urals to the Pacific. The fortress itself is gone. The name it bestowed encompasses eleven time zones.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/qashliq/">Qashliq on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://qualla.com/_m/v/d/2/d/qashliq-wp/vd2d-qashliq-intro.mp3</guid>
      <enclosure url="https://qualla.com/_m/v/d/2/d/qashliq-wp/vd2d-qashliq-intro.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" length="100000"/>
      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>1</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Qashliq: A Capital on the Irtysh</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/qashliq/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Russian sources first mention the fortress in the 14th century, though the site's origins likely extend further back into the medieval period. Qashliq reached its peak development in the first half of the 16th century, when it functioned as the political and military heart of the...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Russian sources first mention the fortress in the 14th century, though the site's origins likely extend further back into the medieval period. Qashliq reached its peak development in the first half of the 16th century, when it functioned as the political and military heart of the...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/qashliq/">Qashliq on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://qualla.com/_m/v/d/2/d/qashliq-wp/vd2d-qashliq-a-capital-on-the-irtysh.mp3</guid>
      <enclosure url="https://qualla.com/_m/v/d/2/d/qashliq-wp/vd2d-qashliq-a-capital-on-the-irtysh.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" length="100000"/>
      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Qashliq: Three Days That Ended a Khanate</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/qashliq/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In 1582, the Cossack expedition led by Yermak Timofeyevich reached the outskirts of Qashliq. The Battle of Chuvash Cape, fought on the riverbank just outside the fortress, shattered the defending forces of Khan Kuchum. The Cossacks did not storm Qashliq immediately -- they withdr...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In 1582, the Cossack expedition led by Yermak Timofeyevich reached the outskirts of Qashliq. The Battle of Chuvash Cape, fought on the riverbank just outside the fortress, shattered the defending forces of Khan Kuchum. The Cossacks did not storm Qashliq immediately -- they withdr...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/qashliq/">Qashliq on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://qualla.com/_m/v/d/2/d/qashliq-wp/vd2d-qashliq-three-days-that-ended-a-khanate.mp3</guid>
      <enclosure url="https://qualla.com/_m/v/d/2/d/qashliq-wp/vd2d-qashliq-three-days-that-ended-a-khanate.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" length="100000"/>
      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>3</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Qashliq: Ruins That Faded into the Earth</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/qashliq/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Sources from the early 19th century report that the ruins of Qashliq could still be made out, though with difficulty. Even then, the fortress was more impression than structure -- earthworks and foundations slowly reclaimed by the Siberian landscape. Historians have debated the f...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Sources from the early 19th century report that the ruins of Qashliq could still be made out, though with difficulty. Even then, the fortress was more impression than structure -- earthworks and foundations slowly reclaimed by the Siberian landscape. Historians have debated the f...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/qashliq/">Qashliq on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://qualla.com/_m/v/d/2/d/qashliq-wp/vd2d-qashliq-ruins-that-faded-into-the-earth.mp3</guid>
      <enclosure url="https://qualla.com/_m/v/d/2/d/qashliq-wp/vd2d-qashliq-ruins-that-faded-into-the-earth.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" length="100000"/>
      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Qashliq: The Name That Swallowed a Continent</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/qashliq/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Qashliq's physical legacy is minimal, but its linguistic legacy is one of the most consequential in geography. The fortress's alternative name, Sibir, became the Russian designation for everything east of the Urals -- first the khanate, then the governorate established by Peter t...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Qashliq's physical legacy is minimal, but its linguistic legacy is one of the most consequential in geography. The fortress's alternative name, Sibir, became the Russian designation for everything east of the Urals -- first the khanate, then the governorate established by Peter t...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/qashliq/">Qashliq on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://qualla.com/_m/v/d/2/d/qashliq-wp/vd2d-qashliq-the-name-that-swallowed-a-continent.mp3</guid>
      <enclosure url="https://qualla.com/_m/v/d/2/d/qashliq-wp/vd2d-qashliq-the-name-that-swallowed-a-continent.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" length="100000"/>
      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>
