<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rss version="2.0"
     xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd"
     xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"
     xmlns:podcast="https://podcastindex.org/namespace/1.0"
     xmlns:psc="http://podlove.org/simple-chapters">
  <channel>
    <title>Qualla: Penol de Cerquin</title>
    <link>https://qualla.com/penol-de-cerquin</link>
    <description><![CDATA[A mountaintop Lenca fortress in southern Honduras where the indigenous leader Lempira made his last stand against the Spanish conquest -- and was killed during a parley by a hidden gunman.]]></description>
    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>© 2026 Bendyline</copyright>
    <lastBuildDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2026 10:21:12 GMT</lastBuildDate>
    <itunes:author>Qualla</itunes:author>
    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[A mountaintop Lenca fortress in southern Honduras where the indigenous leader Lempira made his last stand against the Spanish conquest -- and was killed during a parley by a hidden gunman.]]></itunes:summary>
    <itunes:type>serial</itunes:type>
    <itunes:explicit>false</itunes:explicit>
    <itunes:image href="https://qualla.com/_res/siteimages/rsslogo.png"/>
    <itunes:owner>
      <itunes:name>Qualla</itunes:name>
      <itunes:email>support@bendyline.com</itunes:email>
    </itunes:owner>
    <itunes:category text="Society &amp; Culture">
        <itunes:category text="Places &amp; Travel"/>
    </itunes:category>
    <podcast:locked>yes</podcast:locked>
    <image>
      <url>https://qualla.com/_res/siteimages/rsslogo.png</url>
      <title>Qualla: Penol de Cerquin</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/penol-de-cerquin</link>
    </image>
    <item>
      <title>Penol de Cerquin: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/penol-de-cerquin/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Hardened Spanish conquistadores who had stormed fortresses across Europe and the Americas looked up at the Penol de Cerquin and admitted they had never seen anything stronger. The mountaintop fortress in southern Honduras, with its sheer slopes and a ridgeline summit of roughly 4,000 square meters, was the stronghold of Lempira, the Lenca war leader who united the indigenous peoples of western Honduras in open revolt against Spanish rule in 1537. The Spanish would spend months trying to take it. In the end, they could not win by force. They won by treachery.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hardened Spanish conquistadores who had stormed fortresses across Europe and the Americas looked up at the Penol de Cerquin and admitted they had never seen anything stronger. The mountaintop fortress in southern Honduras, with its sheer slopes and a ridgeline summit of roughly 4,000 square meters, was the stronghold of Lempira, the Lenca war leader who united the indigenous peoples of western Honduras in open revolt against Spanish rule in 1537. The Spanish would spend months trying to take it. In the end, they could not win by force. They won by treachery.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/penol-de-cerquin/">Penol de Cerquin on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 22 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://qualla.com/_m/d/4/9/0/penol-de-cerquin-wp/d490-penol-de-cerquin-intro.mp3</guid>
      <enclosure url="https://qualla.com/_m/d/4/9/0/penol-de-cerquin-wp/d490-penol-de-cerquin-intro.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" length="100000"/>
      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>1</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Penol de Cerquin: Sacred Ground Turned Stronghold</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/penol-de-cerquin/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Long before Lempira fortified its slopes, the Penol de Cerquin held meaning for the Lenca people. Petroglyphs carved into the rock -- small ovals, sub-circular shapes made by picketing, quadrangular forms and a spiral cut with unbroken lines -- suggest the mountain served as a sa...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Long before Lempira fortified its slopes, the Penol de Cerquin held meaning for the Lenca people. Petroglyphs carved into the rock -- small ovals, sub-circular shapes made by picketing, quadrangular forms and a spiral cut with unbroken lines -- suggest the mountain served as a sa...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/penol-de-cerquin/">Penol de Cerquin on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 22 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://qualla.com/_m/d/4/9/0/penol-de-cerquin-wp/d490-penol-de-cerquin-sacred-ground-turned-stronghold.mp3</guid>
      <enclosure url="https://qualla.com/_m/d/4/9/0/penol-de-cerquin-wp/d490-penol-de-cerquin-sacred-ground-turned-stronghold.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" length="100000"/>
      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Penol de Cerquin: The Sieges Begin</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/penol-de-cerquin/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Pedro de Alvarado passed near the Penol in early 1536 with eighty Spanish soldiers and some 3,000 native Guatemalan auxiliaries, but he did not attempt an assault -- he had a beleaguered garrison to relieve elsewhere. Months later, Alvarado sent his lieutenant Juan de Chavez with...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Pedro de Alvarado passed near the Penol in early 1536 with eighty Spanish soldiers and some 3,000 native Guatemalan auxiliaries, but he did not attempt an assault -- he had a beleaguered garrison to relieve elsewhere. Months later, Alvarado sent his lieutenant Juan de Chavez with...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/penol-de-cerquin/">Penol de Cerquin on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 22 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://qualla.com/_m/d/4/9/0/penol-de-cerquin-wp/d490-penol-de-cerquin-the-sieges-begin.mp3</guid>
      <enclosure url="https://qualla.com/_m/d/4/9/0/penol-de-cerquin-wp/d490-penol-de-cerquin-the-sieges-begin.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" length="100000"/>
      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>3</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Penol de Cerquin: Lempira&apos;s Revolt</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/penol-de-cerquin/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[When Lempira raised the banner of rebellion, the response was total. Indigenous families across the province -- men, women, and children -- abandoned their villages and gathered at the fortress. The Penol de Cerquin became more than a military stronghold; it was a symbol of resis...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>When Lempira raised the banner of rebellion, the response was total. Indigenous families across the province -- men, women, and children -- abandoned their villages and gathered at the fortress. The Penol de Cerquin became more than a military stronghold; it was a symbol of resis...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/penol-de-cerquin/">Penol de Cerquin on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 22 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://qualla.com/_m/d/4/9/0/penol-de-cerquin-wp/d490-penol-de-cerquin-lempiras-revolt.mp3</guid>
      <enclosure url="https://qualla.com/_m/d/4/9/0/penol-de-cerquin-wp/d490-penol-de-cerquin-lempiras-revolt.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" length="100000"/>
      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Penol de Cerquin: The Parley</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/penol-de-cerquin/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Desperate to end the siege, Caceres called for a parley. Lempira came forward in full battle regalia -- feathered headdress, cotton armor -- and refused the demand to submit. At that moment, a hidden Spanish arquebusier shot Lempira through the head. It was the signal for a surpr...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Desperate to end the siege, Caceres called for a parley. Lempira came forward in full battle regalia -- feathered headdress, cotton armor -- and refused the demand to submit. At that moment, a hidden Spanish arquebusier shot Lempira through the head. It was the signal for a surpr...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/penol-de-cerquin/">Penol de Cerquin on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 22 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://qualla.com/_m/d/4/9/0/penol-de-cerquin-wp/d490-penol-de-cerquin-the-parley.mp3</guid>
      <enclosure url="https://qualla.com/_m/d/4/9/0/penol-de-cerquin-wp/d490-penol-de-cerquin-the-parley.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" length="100000"/>
      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>
