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    <title>Qualla: Nindowari</title>
    <link>https://qualla.com/nindowari</link>
    <description><![CDATA[An archaeological site in the hills of Balochistan where the Harappan and Kulli civilizations overlapped, offering evidence that one of South Asia's earliest cultures may have branched from the Indus Valley tradition.]]></description>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[An archaeological site in the hills of Balochistan where the Harappan and Kulli civilizations overlapped, offering evidence that one of South Asia's earliest cultures may have branched from the Indus Valley tradition.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Qualla: Nindowari</title>
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      <title>Nindowari: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/nindowari/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Ismoon (talk) 21:22, 23 February 2015 (UTC), CC BY-SA 4.0. Two hundred and forty kilometres northwest of Karachi, on the right bank of the Kud River where it feeds into the Porali, a low mound rises from the Balochistan scrubland. This is Nindowari, also known as Nindo Damb, an archaeological site that bridges two of South Asia's earliest civilizations. Excavations here have revealed layers of Harappan occupation overlaid by the Kulli culture, a prehistoric society whose bull-seal motifs and terracotta figurines suggest a deep connection with the great cities of the Indus Valley, yet whose regional identity remained stubbornly distinct.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Ismoon (talk) 21:22, 23 February 2015 (UTC), CC BY-SA 4.0. Two hundred and forty kilometres northwest of Karachi, on the right bank of the Kud River where it feeds into the Porali, a low mound rises from the Balochistan scrubland. This is Nindowari, also known as Nindo Damb, an archaeological site that bridges two of South Asia's earliest civilizations. Excavations here have revealed layers of Harappan occupation overlaid by the Kulli culture, a prehistoric society whose bull-seal motifs and terracotta figurines suggest a deep connection with the great cities of the Indus Valley, yet whose regional identity remained stubbornly distinct.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/nindowari/">Nindowari on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Ismoon (talk) 21:22, 23 February 2015 (UTC) | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Nindowari: At the Edge of the Indus World</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/nindowari/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Obed Suhail, CC BY-SA 3.0. The Indus Valley Civilization, which flourished from roughly 3300 to 1300 BC across what is now Pakistan and northwest India, is best known through its great urban centers: Mohenjo-daro, Harappa, Rakhigarhi. But its influence extended far beyond those planned cities. Nindowari si...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Obed Suhail, CC BY-SA 3.0. The Indus Valley Civilization, which flourished from roughly 3300 to 1300 BC across what is now Pakistan and northwest India, is best known through its great urban centers: Mohenjo-daro, Harappa, Rakhigarhi. But its influence extended far beyond those planned cities. Nindowari si...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/nindowari/">Nindowari on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Obed Suhail | CC BY-SA 3.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Nindowari: The Kulli Connection</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/nindowari/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Torbenbrinker, CC BY-SA 4.0. The Kulli culture is named after a type site in Balochistan and is distinguished by its painted pottery, terracotta figurines, and distinctive bull iconography. At Nindowari, terracotta figurines bearing drawings of bulls -- strikingly similar to the famous seals of Harappa and M...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Torbenbrinker, CC BY-SA 4.0. The Kulli culture is named after a type site in Balochistan and is distinguished by its painted pottery, terracotta figurines, and distinctive bull iconography. At Nindowari, terracotta figurines bearing drawings of bulls -- strikingly similar to the famous seals of Harappa and M...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/nindowari/">Nindowari on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Torbenbrinker | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Nindowari: River, Trade, and Distance</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/nindowari/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Ismoon (talk) 21:22, 23 February 2015 (UTC), CC BY-SA 4.0. Nindowari's location on the Kud River, a tributary of the Porali, placed it along a natural corridor connecting the interior of Balochistan with the Arabian Sea coast. This positioning was likely no accident. The Indus civilizations were trading societies, and sites along navigab...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Ismoon (talk) 21:22, 23 February 2015 (UTC), CC BY-SA 4.0. Nindowari's location on the Kud River, a tributary of the Porali, placed it along a natural corridor connecting the interior of Balochistan with the Arabian Sea coast. This positioning was likely no accident. The Indus civilizations were trading societies, and sites along navigab...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/nindowari/">Nindowari on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Ismoon (talk) 21:22, 23 February 2015 (UTC) | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Nindowari: A Mound With Questions</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/nindowari/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Ismoon (talk) 21:22, 23 February 2015 (UTC), CC BY-SA 4.0. Nindowari has yielded its secrets slowly. The source material is thin compared to the major Indus sites, and much remains unexcavated. What has been found -- pottery, figurines, evidence of occupation layers -- raises more questions than it answers about the exact nature of the H...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Ismoon (talk) 21:22, 23 February 2015 (UTC), CC BY-SA 4.0. Nindowari has yielded its secrets slowly. The source material is thin compared to the major Indus sites, and much remains unexcavated. What has been found -- pottery, figurines, evidence of occupation layers -- raises more questions than it answers about the exact nature of the H...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/nindowari/">Nindowari on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Ismoon (talk) 21:22, 23 February 2015 (UTC) | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
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