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    <title>Qualla: Marichjhanpi</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[A mangrove island in the Sundarbans became the site of one of independent India's most suppressed tragedies, when thousands of Dalit refugees were violently expelled from a promised homeland.]]></description>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[A mangrove island in the Sundarbans became the site of one of independent India's most suppressed tragedies, when thousands of Dalit refugees were violently expelled from a promised homeland.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Marichjhanpi: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/marichjhanpi/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The promise was simple: come home to Bengal. For tens of thousands of Dalit refugees who had been languishing in camps in central India since Partition, those words from the Communist Party of India (Marxist) carried the weight of deliverance. When the Left Front government came to power in West Bengal in 1977, the refugees took the invitation at face value. They sold what little they owned, traveled hundreds of kilometers, and settled on Marichjhanpi, a low-lying island in the Sundarbans. What happened next -- the blockade, the starvation, the killings -- remains one of the most contested and deliberately obscured episodes in modern Indian history.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The promise was simple: come home to Bengal. For tens of thousands of Dalit refugees who had been languishing in camps in central India since Partition, those words from the Communist Party of India (Marxist) carried the weight of deliverance. When the Left Front government came to power in West Bengal in 1977, the refugees took the invitation at face value. They sold what little they owned, traveled hundreds of kilometers, and settled on Marichjhanpi, a low-lying island in the Sundarbans. What happened next -- the blockade, the starvation, the killings -- remains one of the most contested and deliberately obscured episodes in modern Indian history.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/marichjhanpi/">Marichjhanpi on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Marichjhanpi: The Partition&apos;s Longest Shadow</title>
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      <description><![CDATA[When India was partitioned in 1947, the province of Bengal was split along religious lines. West Bengal became part of India; East Pakistan -- later Bangladesh -- went to Pakistan. Millions of Hindus fled east to west, Muslims west to east, in one of the largest mass migrations i...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>When India was partitioned in 1947, the province of Bengal was split along religious lines. West Bengal became part of India; East Pakistan -- later Bangladesh -- went to Pakistan. Millions of Hindus fled east to west, Muslims west to east, in one of the largest mass migrations i...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/marichjhanpi/">Marichjhanpi on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Marichjhanpi: An Invitation and Its Withdrawal</title>
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      <description><![CDATA[The CPI(M), then Bengal's main opposition party, made the refugees' cause a political rallying point. Party leaders argued that Bengali-speaking refugees could and should be rehabilitated within West Bengal. At demonstrations in the Dandakaranya camps, CPI(M) leaders personally i...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The CPI(M), then Bengal's main opposition party, made the refugees' cause a political rallying point. Party leaders argued that Bengali-speaking refugees could and should be rehabilitated within West Bengal. At demonstrations in the Dandakaranya camps, CPI(M) leaders personally i...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/marichjhanpi/">Marichjhanpi on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Marichjhanpi: The Island and the Blockade</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/marichjhanpi/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Despite official discouragement, roughly 40,000 refugees reached Hasnabad, and around 500 families established themselves on Marichjhanpi by early 1979. They cleared mangrove, built shelters, dug wells, and began fishing. For a brief period, the settlement functioned -- a communi...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Despite official discouragement, roughly 40,000 refugees reached Hasnabad, and around 500 families established themselves on Marichjhanpi by early 1979. They cleared mangrove, built shelters, dug wells, and began fishing. For a brief period, the settlement functioned -- a communi...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/marichjhanpi/">Marichjhanpi on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Marichjhanpi: The Silence That Followed</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/marichjhanpi/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The death toll at Marichjhanpi remains unknown. Estimates range from hundreds to as many as 10,000, depending on whether one counts only direct violence or includes starvation, disease, and the scattered deaths of refugees who were forcibly deported back to Dandakaranya. The stat...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The death toll at Marichjhanpi remains unknown. Estimates range from hundreds to as many as 10,000, depending on whether one counts only direct violence or includes starvation, disease, and the scattered deaths of refugees who were forcibly deported back to Dandakaranya. The stat...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/marichjhanpi/">Marichjhanpi on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
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