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    <title>Qualla: Longju</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[A remote outpost in the Tsari Chu valley where a line drawn on a map in 1914 met the reality of contested terrain, sparking the 1959 incident that marked the transition from verbal to physical violence between India and China.]]></description>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[A remote outpost in the Tsari Chu valley where a line drawn on a map in 1914 met the reality of contested terrain, sparking the 1959 incident that marked the transition from verbal to physical violence between India and China.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Qualla: Longju</title>
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      <title>Longju: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/longju/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Survey of India, Public domain. In 1959, Indian Prime Minister Nehru told parliament that Longju was a five-day march from Limeking, which itself was a twelve-day march from the nearest road at Daporijo. Three weeks of dense forest, indigenous ladder-climbs, and rope bridges separated this tiny settlement from anything resembling a government office. Yet it was here, in a place most officials had never visited, that a line drawn in a conference room in 1914 collided with the reality of mountains, rivers, and the people who actually lived among them. The Longju incident of August 1959 killed at least one Indian soldier, took others prisoner, and marked what scholars have called the transition in China-India relations from verbal to physical violence.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Survey of India, Public domain. In 1959, Indian Prime Minister Nehru told parliament that Longju was a five-day march from Limeking, which itself was a twelve-day march from the nearest road at Daporijo. Three weeks of dense forest, indigenous ladder-climbs, and rope bridges separated this tiny settlement from anything resembling a government office. Yet it was here, in a place most officials had never visited, that a line drawn in a conference room in 1914 collided with the reality of mountains, rivers, and the people who actually lived among them. The Longju incident of August 1959 killed at least one Indian soldier, took others prisoner, and marked what scholars have called the transition in China-India relations from verbal to physical violence.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/longju/">Longju on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Survey of India | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Longju: The Line That Nobody Walked</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/longju/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Survey of India, Public domain. During the 1914 Simla Conference, British negotiator Henry McMahon drew the boundary between India and Tibet along the high Himalayan ridgeline. In most places, the McMahon Line followed natural watershed features. But near Longju, complications arose. The Tibetan frontier town o...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Survey of India, Public domain. During the 1914 Simla Conference, British negotiator Henry McMahon drew the boundary between India and Tibet along the high Himalayan ridgeline. In most places, the McMahon Line followed natural watershed features. But near Longju, complications arose. The Tibetan frontier town o...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/longju/">Longju on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Survey of India | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Longju: Three Weeks from the Nearest Road</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/longju/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Survey of India, Public domain. The Mara clan of the Tagin tribe had populated this area long before any government claimed it. When British explorers Bailey and Morshead visited in 1905, they found the river crossing near Longju broken. The bridge had been built with tribal materials and techniques that the Ti...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Survey of India, Public domain. The Mara clan of the Tagin tribe had populated this area long before any government claimed it. When British explorers Bailey and Morshead visited in 1905, they found the river crossing near Longju broken. The bridge had been built with tribal materials and techniques that the Ti...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/longju/">Longju on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Survey of India | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>3</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Longju: August 1959</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/longju/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Survey of India, Public domain. The trigger was the 1959 Tibetan uprising. As Chinese troops moved to suppress the revolt, the PLA deployed along the McMahon Line, with four regiments in the Shannan region bordering Subansiri and Kameng Divisions. India responded by establishing advance posts manned by the Assa...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Survey of India, Public domain. The trigger was the 1959 Tibetan uprising. As Chinese troops moved to suppress the revolt, the PLA deployed along the McMahon Line, with four regiments in the Shannan region bordering Subansiri and Kameng Divisions. India responded by establishing advance posts manned by the Assa...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/longju/">Longju on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Survey of India | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Longju: A Superpower Asks Why</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/longju/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Survey of India, Public domain. On 2 October 1959, barely a month after the incident, Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev confronted Mao Zedong directly: "Why did you have to kill people on the border with India?" Mao replied that India had attacked first. Zhou Enlai, present at the meeting, challenged Khrushchev: ...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Survey of India, Public domain. On 2 October 1959, barely a month after the incident, Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev confronted Mao Zedong directly: "Why did you have to kill people on the border with India?" Mao replied that India had attacked first. Zhou Enlai, present at the meeting, challenged Khrushchev: ...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/longju/">Longju on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Survey of India | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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