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    <title>Qualla: Huaricanga</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[Established around 3500 BC, this dusty site in the Fortaleza Valley may be the oldest city in the Americas - older than the pyramids of Giza.]]></description>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[Established around 3500 BC, this dusty site in the Fortaleza Valley may be the oldest city in the Americas - older than the pyramids of Giza.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Qualla: Huaricanga</title>
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      <title>Huaricanga: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/huaricanga/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Before the pyramids of Giza, before Stonehenge, before writing existed anywhere in the Americas, people in a dry valley fourteen miles from the Pacific were already stacking earth into monumental mounds and gathering at them for ceremonies. Huaricanga was established around 3500 BC. When the Egyptians began dreaming of Khufu, the Norte Chico civilization here had been building ceremonial centers for a thousand years. Almost nobody outside a small circle of archaeologists knew any of this until about thirty years ago. The oldest city in the Americas hid in plain sight, cut in half by a highway, its mounds mistaken for natural hills.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Before the pyramids of Giza, before Stonehenge, before writing existed anywhere in the Americas, people in a dry valley fourteen miles from the Pacific were already stacking earth into monumental mounds and gathering at them for ceremonies. Huaricanga was established around 3500 BC. When the Egyptians began dreaming of Khufu, the Norte Chico civilization here had been building ceremonial centers for a thousand years. Almost nobody outside a small circle of archaeologists knew any of this until about thirty years ago. The oldest city in the Americas hid in plain sight, cut in half by a highway, its mounds mistaken for natural hills.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/huaricanga/">Huaricanga on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 16 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Huaricanga: The Civilization That Came Out of Nowhere</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/huaricanga/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In 1994 the Peruvian archaeologist Ruth Shady began publishing on what she had recognized as an independent, first-generation civilization - one of only a handful on Earth that developed without outside influence. Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, India, Mesoamerica, and now the Norte C...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In 1994 the Peruvian archaeologist Ruth Shady began publishing on what she had recognized as an independent, first-generation civilization - one of only a handful on Earth that developed without outside influence. Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, India, Mesoamerica, and now the Norte C...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/huaricanga/">Huaricanga on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 16 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Huaricanga: Pyramids Made of Earth</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/huaricanga/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Three earthwork mounds survive at Huaricanga, believed to be the remains of pyramidal structures. The largest stretches roughly 220 meters. Two standing stones - huancas in Quechua - rise near it, their exact ritual purpose lost but their significance clear from their prominence....]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Three earthwork mounds survive at Huaricanga, believed to be the remains of pyramidal structures. The largest stretches roughly 220 meters. Two standing stones - huancas in Quechua - rise near it, their exact ritual purpose lost but their significance clear from their prominence....</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/huaricanga/">Huaricanga on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 16 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Huaricanga: The Corn That Rewrote the Story</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/huaricanga/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[For decades, historians argued that the Norte Chico civilization was unusual - it grew up on marine resources rather than agriculture, they said, anchovies and shellfish rather than grain. Between 2002 and 2008, researchers returning to Huaricanga and neighboring Caballete tested...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>For decades, historians argued that the Norte Chico civilization was unusual - it grew up on marine resources rather than agriculture, they said, anchovies and shellfish rather than grain. Between 2002 and 2008, researchers returning to Huaricanga and neighboring Caballete tested...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/huaricanga/">Huaricanga on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 16 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Huaricanga: The Dry and the Sacred</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/huaricanga/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The land around Huaricanga is austere - rock, dirt, almost no trees, a valley squeezed between bare hills and threaded by a single river that irrigates everything green. The climate has always been dry. Some researchers think a surge in El Niño events may have devastated coastal ...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The land around Huaricanga is austere - rock, dirt, almost no trees, a valley squeezed between bare hills and threaded by a single river that irrigates everything green. The climate has always been dry. Some researchers think a surge in El Niño events may have devastated coastal ...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/huaricanga/">Huaricanga on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 16 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Huaricanga: What the Highway Cut in Half</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/huaricanga/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Today the Pativilca-Huaraz highway divides the site. Cars and trucks passing at 80 kilometers an hour cross between mounds older than any other city ruin in the Western Hemisphere, and almost nobody slows down. The ancient Peruvians here built before writing, before metallurgy in...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Today the Pativilca-Huaraz highway divides the site. Cars and trucks passing at 80 kilometers an hour cross between mounds older than any other city ruin in the Western Hemisphere, and almost nobody slows down. The ancient Peruvians here built before writing, before metallurgy in...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/huaricanga/">Huaricanga on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 16 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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