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    <title>Qualla: Hanapepe Massacre</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[On September 9, 1924, a labor dispute on a Kauai sugarcane plantation turned deadly when police and armed deputies confronted Filipino strikers, leaving sixteen workers and four officers dead.]]></description>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[On September 9, 1924, a labor dispute on a Kauai sugarcane plantation turned deadly when police and armed deputies confronted Filipino strikers, leaving sixteen workers and four officers dead.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <itunes:name>Qualla</itunes:name>
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      <title>Qualla: Hanapepe Massacre</title>
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      <title>Hanapepe Massacre: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/hanapepe-massacre/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Carl Wycoff, CC BY 2.0. Hanapepe is a quiet town on Kauai's west side today, known for its art galleries and a swinging footbridge over the river. Nothing about its main street suggests that this was the site of the bloodiest labor confrontation in Hawaiian history. On September 9, 1924, a dispute among Filipino sugarcane workers escalated into a gunfight between strikers and heavily armed police deputies. When the shooting stopped, sixteen Filipino workers and four police officers were dead. The aftermath crushed Hawaii's labor movement for a generation.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Carl Wycoff, CC BY 2.0. Hanapepe is a quiet town on Kauai's west side today, known for its art galleries and a swinging footbridge over the river. Nothing about its main street suggests that this was the site of the bloodiest labor confrontation in Hawaiian history. On September 9, 1924, a dispute among Filipino sugarcane workers escalated into a gunfight between strikers and heavily armed police deputies. When the shooting stopped, sixteen Filipino workers and four police officers were dead. The aftermath crushed Hawaii's labor movement for a generation.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/hanapepe-massacre/">Hanapepe Massacre on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Carl Wycoff | CC BY 2.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 12 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>1</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Hanapepe Massacre: Sugar&apos;s Iron Grip</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/hanapepe-massacre/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Carl Wycoff, CC BY 2.0. By the 1920s, sugarcane plantations dominated the Hawaiian economy, and Filipino workers had become the largest segment of the labor force. They were also the most poorly treated. As the most recent immigrant group, they occupied the bottom of the plantation hierarchy. The Hawaii...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Carl Wycoff, CC BY 2.0. By the 1920s, sugarcane plantations dominated the Hawaiian economy, and Filipino workers had become the largest segment of the labor force. They were also the most poorly treated. As the most recent immigrant group, they occupied the bottom of the plantation hierarchy. The Hawaii...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/hanapepe-massacre/">Hanapepe Massacre on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Carl Wycoff | CC BY 2.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 12 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Hanapepe Massacre: The High Wage Movement</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/hanapepe-massacre/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Carl Wycoff, CC BY 2.0. In the fall of 1922, Filipino labor activist Pablo Manlapit and George Wright, head of the American Federation of Labor, founded the High Wage Movement. Building on networks Manlapit had established through the Filipino Labor Union, they drafted a petition of demands that gathere...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Carl Wycoff, CC BY 2.0. In the fall of 1922, Filipino labor activist Pablo Manlapit and George Wright, head of the American Federation of Labor, founded the High Wage Movement. Building on networks Manlapit had established through the Filipino Labor Union, they drafted a petition of demands that gathere...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/hanapepe-massacre/">Hanapepe Massacre on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Carl Wycoff | CC BY 2.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 12 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>3</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Hanapepe Massacre: Twenty Dead at Hanapepe</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/hanapepe-massacre/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Carl Wycoff, CC BY 2.0. The Associated Press wired the aftermath across the United States: "Twenty persons dead, unnumbered injured lying in hospital, officers under orders to shoot strikers as they approached, distracted widows with children tracking from jails to hospitals and morgues in search of mis...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Carl Wycoff, CC BY 2.0. The Associated Press wired the aftermath across the United States: "Twenty persons dead, unnumbered injured lying in hospital, officers under orders to shoot strikers as they approached, distracted widows with children tracking from jails to hospitals and morgues in search of mis...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/hanapepe-massacre/">Hanapepe Massacre on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Carl Wycoff | CC BY 2.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 12 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Hanapepe Massacre: A Movement Silenced</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/hanapepe-massacre/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Carl Wycoff, CC BY 2.0. Manlapit was paroled on the condition that he leave Hawaii. Within eight months, the strike collapsed. The labor movement in the islands dwindled to near-silence. Meanwhile, the ten leading sugar companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange paid dividends averaging seventeen p...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Carl Wycoff, CC BY 2.0. Manlapit was paroled on the condition that he leave Hawaii. Within eight months, the strike collapsed. The labor movement in the islands dwindled to near-silence. Meanwhile, the ten leading sugar companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange paid dividends averaging seventeen p...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/hanapepe-massacre/">Hanapepe Massacre on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Carl Wycoff | CC BY 2.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 12 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Hanapepe Massacre: Recovering the Dead</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/hanapepe-massacre/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Carl Wycoff, CC BY 2.0. For nearly a century, no one knew where the sixteen slain Filipino workers were buried. A commemorative marker was placed in Hanapepe Town Park in 2006, but the actual grave site remained a mystery. Then, on October 20, 2019, researchers from the Hawaii State Chapter of the Filip...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Carl Wycoff, CC BY 2.0. For nearly a century, no one knew where the sixteen slain Filipino workers were buried. A commemorative marker was placed in Hanapepe Town Park in 2006, but the actual grave site remained a mystery. Then, on October 20, 2019, researchers from the Hawaii State Chapter of the Filip...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/hanapepe-massacre/">Hanapepe Massacre on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Carl Wycoff | CC BY 2.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 12 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>6</itunes:episode>
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