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    <title>Qualla: Hadrumetum</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[A Phoenician colony that predated Carthage, Hadrumetum survived Punic wars, Roman civil conflicts, and Vandal invasions before becoming the foundations of modern Sousse, Tunisia.]]></description>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[A Phoenician colony that predated Carthage, Hadrumetum survived Punic wars, Roman civil conflicts, and Vandal invasions before becoming the foundations of modern Sousse, Tunisia.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Qualla: Hadrumetum</title>
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      <title>Hadrumetum: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/hadrumetum/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Habib M'henni, CC BY-SA 3.0. When Julius Caesar stumbled coming ashore in North Africa in December 47 BC, he grabbed handfuls of dirt and shouted, "I have you now, Africa!" The beach where he turned a bad omen into a declaration of conquest lay near Hadrumetum, a city already ancient by Caesar's time. Founded by Phoenician colonists before Carthage itself existed, Hadrumetum spent three thousand years at the crossroads of every power that sought to control the central Mediterranean.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Habib M'henni, CC BY-SA 3.0. When Julius Caesar stumbled coming ashore in North Africa in December 47 BC, he grabbed handfuls of dirt and shouted, "I have you now, Africa!" The beach where he turned a bad omen into a declaration of conquest lay near Hadrumetum, a city already ancient by Caesar's time. Founded by Phoenician colonists before Carthage itself existed, Hadrumetum spent three thousand years at the crossroads of every power that sought to control the central Mediterranean.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/hadrumetum/">Hadrumetum on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Habib M&apos;henni | CC BY-SA 3.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 13 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Hadrumetum: Older Than Carthage</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/hadrumetum/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Giorces, CC BY 2.5. The Phoenician name for the settlement meant simply "southern," a marker of its position relative to the mother cities of the Levantine coast. Hadrumetum was established on the mouth of a small river, part of the network of Phoenician trading posts that stretched from Tyre to the...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Giorces, CC BY 2.5. The Phoenician name for the settlement meant simply "southern," a marker of its position relative to the mother cities of the Levantine coast. Hadrumetum was established on the mouth of a small river, part of the network of Phoenician trading posts that stretched from Tyre to the...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/hadrumetum/">Hadrumetum on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Giorces | CC BY 2.5</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 13 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Hadrumetum: Caesar&apos;s Foothold</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/hadrumetum/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Habib M'henni, CC BY-SA 3.0. During the civil war between Pompey and Caesar, Gaius Considius Longus secured Hadrumetum for the Optimates with two legions. Despite these defenses, he could not prevent Caesar from landing nearby. The campaign that followed led to Caesar's decisive victory at Thapsus in 46 BC, ...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Habib M'henni, CC BY-SA 3.0. During the civil war between Pompey and Caesar, Gaius Considius Longus secured Hadrumetum for the Optimates with two legions. Despite these defenses, he could not prevent Caesar from landing nearby. The campaign that followed led to Caesar's decisive victory at Thapsus in 46 BC, ...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/hadrumetum/">Hadrumetum on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Habib M&apos;henni | CC BY-SA 3.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 13 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>3</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Hadrumetum: Underground Faith</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/hadrumetum/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Habib M'henni, CC BY-SA 3.0. Beneath the streets of what is now Sousse, tunnels extend for miles. These are the Christian catacombs of Hadrumetum, rediscovered in 1904 by the archaeologists Louis Carton and Abbe Leynaud. The subterranean galleries are filled with Roman and Byzantine sarcophagi and inscriptio...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Habib M'henni, CC BY-SA 3.0. Beneath the streets of what is now Sousse, tunnels extend for miles. These are the Christian catacombs of Hadrumetum, rediscovered in 1904 by the archaeologists Louis Carton and Abbe Leynaud. The subterranean galleries are filled with Roman and Byzantine sarcophagi and inscriptio...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/hadrumetum/">Hadrumetum on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Habib M&apos;henni | CC BY-SA 3.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 13 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Hadrumetum: Layers Without End</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/hadrumetum/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Habib M'henni, CC BY-SA 3.0. The ruins of Hadrumetum include Punic walls, Roman harbors, a horse track, cisterns, a theater, a necropolis, a Byzantine acropolis, and a basilica. French engineers under colonial rule rediscovered the jetties and moles of two Roman harbors, one commercial and one military, both...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Habib M'henni, CC BY-SA 3.0. The ruins of Hadrumetum include Punic walls, Roman harbors, a horse track, cisterns, a theater, a necropolis, a Byzantine acropolis, and a basilica. French engineers under colonial rule rediscovered the jetties and moles of two Roman harbors, one commercial and one military, both...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/hadrumetum/">Hadrumetum on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Habib M&apos;henni | CC BY-SA 3.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 13 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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