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    <title>Qualla: Galwan River</title>
    <link>https://qualla.com/galwan-river</link>
    <description><![CDATA[A river named after a Ladakhi caravan guide whose narrow valley through the Karakoram has become one of the most contested stretches of terrain on Earth, triggering military standoffs between India and China in 1962 and again in 2020.]]></description>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[A river named after a Ladakhi caravan guide whose narrow valley through the Karakoram has become one of the most contested stretches of terrain on Earth, triggering military standoffs between India and China in 1962 and again in 2020.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Qualla: Galwan River</title>
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      <title>Galwan River: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/galwan-river/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Henry Trotter, Public domain. Most rivers are named after gods, kings, or the landscapes they carve. The Galwan River is named after a caravan guide. Ghulam Rasool Galwan was a Ladakhi explorer of Kashmiri descent who, in the 1890s, led a British expedition team through a storm in the upper Karakoram and found an escape route through a valley no one had thought to use. The river that drained that valley acquired his name on Survey of India maps by 1940 -- one of the rare instances where a major geographical feature honors a native explorer rather than a colonial administrator. The irony is that this river, named for a man who found a way through impossible terrain, has become one of the most impassable political boundaries on the planet. Flowing roughly 30 miles from the Aksai Chin plateau westward to join the Shyok River, the Galwan cuts deep gorges through the Karakoram range in a valley so narrow it historically prohibited human movement altogether.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Henry Trotter, Public domain. Most rivers are named after gods, kings, or the landscapes they carve. The Galwan River is named after a caravan guide. Ghulam Rasool Galwan was a Ladakhi explorer of Kashmiri descent who, in the 1890s, led a British expedition team through a storm in the upper Karakoram and found an escape route through a valley no one had thought to use. The river that drained that valley acquired his name on Survey of India maps by 1940 -- one of the rare instances where a major geographical feature honors a native explorer rather than a colonial administrator. The irony is that this river, named for a man who found a way through impossible terrain, has become one of the most impassable political boundaries on the planet. Flowing roughly 30 miles from the Aksai Chin plateau westward to join the Shyok River, the Galwan cuts deep gorges through the Karakoram range in a valley so narrow it historically prohibited human movement altogether.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/galwan-river/">Galwan River on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Henry Trotter | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Galwan River: A Valley Nobody Could Travel</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/galwan-river/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Henry Trotter, Public domain. The Galwan's geography is a study in contradiction. The river drains a significant portion of the Karakoram range at this latitude, collecting tributaries from dozens of mountains, yet its gorge is so steep and constricted that caravans never used it as a route. Travelers instead...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Henry Trotter, Public domain. The Galwan's geography is a study in contradiction. The river drains a significant portion of the Karakoram range at this latitude, collecting tributaries from dozens of mountains, yet its gorge is so steep and constricted that caravans never used it as a route. Travelers instead...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/galwan-river/">Galwan River on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Henry Trotter | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Galwan River: The Apogee of Tension</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/galwan-river/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Henry Trotter, Public domain. In September 1961, India's Intelligence Bureau proposed establishing patrol posts up the Galwan Valley because of its strategic connection to the Shyok Valley below. Prime Minister Nehru supported the plan. By July 1962, a platoon of Indian Gorkha troops had established a post on...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Henry Trotter, Public domain. In September 1961, India's Intelligence Bureau proposed establishing patrol posts up the Galwan Valley because of its strategic connection to the Shyok Valley below. Prime Minister Nehru supported the plan. By July 1962, a platoon of Indian Gorkha troops had established a post on...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/galwan-river/">Galwan River on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Henry Trotter | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Galwan River: Roads to Confrontation</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/galwan-river/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Henry Trotter, Public domain. The silence broke around 2003. China began upgrading border infrastructure across Aksai Chin, repaving the G219 highway at a cost of $476 million and extending a paved all-weather road -- the Galwan Highway -- into the valley. India responded by commissioning the Darbuk-Shyok-DBO...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Henry Trotter, Public domain. The silence broke around 2003. China began upgrading border infrastructure across Aksai Chin, repaving the G219 highway at a cost of $476 million and extending a paved all-weather road -- the Galwan Highway -- into the valley. India responded by commissioning the Darbuk-Shyok-DBO...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/galwan-river/">Galwan River on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Henry Trotter | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Galwan River: The Night at Patrol Point 14</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/galwan-river/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Henry Trotter, Public domain. On 5 May 2020, Chinese troops deployed in tented posts along the Galwan Valley. Heavy vehicles and monitoring equipment followed. India responded by moving forces in equal measure. The Chinese established a position at a 90-degree bend in the river near India's Patrol Point 14, w...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Henry Trotter, Public domain. On 5 May 2020, Chinese troops deployed in tented posts along the Galwan Valley. Heavy vehicles and monitoring equipment followed. India responded by moving forces in equal measure. The Chinese established a position at a 90-degree bend in the river near India's Patrol Point 14, w...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/galwan-river/">Galwan River on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Henry Trotter | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Galwan River: What the River Carries</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/galwan-river/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Henry Trotter, Public domain. The Galwan feeds into the Shyok, which feeds into the Indus -- one of the great river systems of South Asia. Its waters carry snowmelt from the Karakoram through territory that three nations claim in various configurations. Today, India has extended 4G and 5G connectivity to mili...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Henry Trotter, Public domain. The Galwan feeds into the Shyok, which feeds into the Indus -- one of the great river systems of South Asia. Its waters carry snowmelt from the Karakoram through territory that three nations claim in various configurations. Today, India has extended 4G and 5G connectivity to mili...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/galwan-river/">Galwan River on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Henry Trotter | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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