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    <title>Qualla: Diepkloof Rock Shelter</title>
    <link>https://qualla.com/diepkloof-rock-shelter</link>
    <description><![CDATA[Sixty thousand years ago, people living in a sandstone shelter above the Verlorenvlei River engraved geometric patterns on ostrich eggshell containers -- among the earliest known examples of human symbolic expression anywhere on Earth.]]></description>
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    <copyright>© 2026 Bendyline</copyright>
    <lastBuildDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2026 10:21:25 GMT</lastBuildDate>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[Sixty thousand years ago, people living in a sandstone shelter above the Verlorenvlei River engraved geometric patterns on ostrich eggshell containers -- among the earliest known examples of human symbolic expression anywhere on Earth.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Qualla: Diepkloof Rock Shelter</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/diepkloof-rock-shelter</link>
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      <title>Diepkloof Rock Shelter: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/diepkloof-rock-shelter/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Vincent Mourre / Inrap, CC BY-SA 3.0. Someone picked up a fragment of ostrich eggshell and, using a sharp point, scratched a pattern into its surface. Parallel lines. Cross-hatching. Geometric forms repeated with enough consistency to suggest intention, convention, shared meaning. That act -- seemingly small, almost casual -- happened roughly 60,000 years ago in a rock shelter perched 100 meters above the Verlorenvlei River in what is now South Africa's Western Cape. It is among the earliest evidence anywhere on Earth that human beings used symbols to communicate.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Vincent Mourre / Inrap, CC BY-SA 3.0. Someone picked up a fragment of ostrich eggshell and, using a sharp point, scratched a pattern into its surface. Parallel lines. Cross-hatching. Geometric forms repeated with enough consistency to suggest intention, convention, shared meaning. That act -- seemingly small, almost casual -- happened roughly 60,000 years ago in a rock shelter perched 100 meters above the Verlorenvlei River in what is now South Africa's Western Cape. It is among the earliest evidence anywhere on Earth that human beings used symbols to communicate.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/diepkloof-rock-shelter/">Diepkloof Rock Shelter on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Vincent Mourre / Inrap | CC BY-SA 3.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>1</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Diepkloof Rock Shelter: The Shelter on the Butte</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/diepkloof-rock-shelter/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Vincent Mourre / Inrap, CC BY-SA 3.0. Diepkloof Rock Shelter sits in quartzitic sandstone on a butte overlooking the Verlorenvlei River, about 17 kilometers from the Atlantic shoreline and 150 kilometers north of Cape Town. The semi-arid landscape around it today gives little hint of the world its ancient inhabitants...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Vincent Mourre / Inrap, CC BY-SA 3.0. Diepkloof Rock Shelter sits in quartzitic sandstone on a butte overlooking the Verlorenvlei River, about 17 kilometers from the Atlantic shoreline and 150 kilometers north of Cape Town. The semi-arid landscape around it today gives little hint of the world its ancient inhabitants...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/diepkloof-rock-shelter/">Diepkloof Rock Shelter on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Vincent Mourre / Inrap | CC BY-SA 3.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Diepkloof Rock Shelter: Messages on Eggshell</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/diepkloof-rock-shelter/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Andrew Hall, CC BY-SA 3.0. Some 270 fragments of ostrich eggshell have been recovered from the shelter, covered with engraved geometric patterns. The fragments are small -- typically 20 to 30 millimeters -- but researchers have fitted some together into larger pieces of roughly 80 by 40 millimeters, estima...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Andrew Hall, CC BY-SA 3.0. Some 270 fragments of ostrich eggshell have been recovered from the shelter, covered with engraved geometric patterns. The fragments are small -- typically 20 to 30 millimeters -- but researchers have fitted some together into larger pieces of roughly 80 by 40 millimeters, estima...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/diepkloof-rock-shelter/">Diepkloof Rock Shelter on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Andrew Hall | CC BY-SA 3.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>3</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Diepkloof Rock Shelter: Deep Time, Living Heritage</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/diepkloof-rock-shelter/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Andrew Hall, CC BY-SA 4.0. The significance of Diepkloof extends beyond its age. These engravings represent abstract, non-representational art -- patterns that carry meaning independent of what they depict. They suggest that the cognitive capacity for symbolic thought, for encoding and transmitting informa...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Andrew Hall, CC BY-SA 4.0. The significance of Diepkloof extends beyond its age. These engravings represent abstract, non-representational art -- patterns that carry meaning independent of what they depict. They suggest that the cognitive capacity for symbolic thought, for encoding and transmitting informa...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/diepkloof-rock-shelter/">Diepkloof Rock Shelter on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Andrew Hall | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Diepkloof Rock Shelter: Reading the Layers</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/diepkloof-rock-shelter/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Andrew Hall, CC BY-SA 3.0. The shelter's stratigraphic record is exceptionally deep and continuous, with occupation layers spanning tens of thousands of years. Researchers have given individual layers names -- Frank, Darryl -- that have become reference points in the broader study of the Middle Stone Age. ...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Andrew Hall, CC BY-SA 3.0. The shelter's stratigraphic record is exceptionally deep and continuous, with occupation layers spanning tens of thousands of years. Researchers have given individual layers names -- Frank, Darryl -- that have become reference points in the broader study of the Middle Stone Age. ...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/diepkloof-rock-shelter/">Diepkloof Rock Shelter on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Andrew Hall | CC BY-SA 3.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
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