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    <title>Qualla: Dār Fertit</title>
    <link>https://qualla.com/dar-fertit</link>
    <description><![CDATA[The lowlands south of Darfur, whose name came to mean 'people legally enslavable' to the sultanates that raided them, remain home to dozens of peoples who share only the experience of being called 'Fertit' by outsiders.]]></description>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[The lowlands south of Darfur, whose name came to mean 'people legally enslavable' to the sultanates that raided them, remain home to dozens of peoples who share only the experience of being called 'Fertit' by outsiders.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <itunes:name>Qualla</itunes:name>
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      <title>Qualla: Dār Fertit</title>
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      <title>Dār Fertit: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/dar-fertit/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The word 'Fertit' has no etymology anyone can now recover. What is known is how the word was used. From the 1700s onward, the Muslim sultanates of southern Chad and the northern Central African Republic - Dar Fur, Dar Runga, Ouaddai, Dar al-Kuti - raided the lowlands south of Darfur to seize and enslave their populations. The populations they raided were not Muslim. By the legal logic of the slave-trading sultanates, that made them enslavable. 'Fertit' came to mean, specifically, those people. Not an ethnic group. Not a language family. A category created by the people who profited from hunting them.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The word 'Fertit' has no etymology anyone can now recover. What is known is how the word was used. From the 1700s onward, the Muslim sultanates of southern Chad and the northern Central African Republic - Dar Fur, Dar Runga, Ouaddai, Dar al-Kuti - raided the lowlands south of Darfur to seize and enslave their populations. The populations they raided were not Muslim. By the legal logic of the slave-trading sultanates, that made them enslavable. 'Fertit' came to mean, specifically, those people. Not an ethnic group. Not a language family. A category created by the people who profited from hunting them.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/dar-fertit/">Dār Fertit on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>1</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Dār Fertit: The Lowlands South of Darfur</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/dar-fertit/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Geographically, Dar Fertit is the country south of Darfur and east of the highlands in modern eastern Central African Republic, where tributaries of the White Nile begin their long journey toward the Sudd. The region includes parts of southwestern Sudan and northwestern South Sud...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Geographically, Dar Fertit is the country south of Darfur and east of the highlands in modern eastern Central African Republic, where tributaries of the White Nile begin their long journey toward the Sudd. The region includes parts of southwestern Sudan and northwestern South Sud...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/dar-fertit/">Dār Fertit on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Dār Fertit: Who the &apos;Fertit&apos; Actually Are</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/dar-fertit/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In the present era, 'Fertit' is the catch-all word used in Western Bahr el Ghazal, South Sudan, for groups and peoples who are not Dinka, not Arab, not Luo, not Fur. The label lumps together populations who often speak mutually unintelligible languages - Kresh, Yulu, Banda, Binga...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In the present era, 'Fertit' is the catch-all word used in Western Bahr el Ghazal, South Sudan, for groups and peoples who are not Dinka, not Arab, not Luo, not Fur. The label lumps together populations who often speak mutually unintelligible languages - Kresh, Yulu, Banda, Binga...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/dar-fertit/">Dār Fertit on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>3</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Dār Fertit: The Zariba System</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/dar-fertit/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[As Egypt expanded up the White Nile in the middle of the nineteenth century - a period of Ottoman-Egyptian rule known locally as the Turkiyah - it granted concessions to private merchants to gather ivory and enslaved people. These merchants built fortified trading camps called za...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As Egypt expanded up the White Nile in the middle of the nineteenth century - a period of Ottoman-Egyptian rule known locally as the Turkiyah - it granted concessions to private merchants to gather ivory and enslaved people. These merchants built fortified trading camps called za...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/dar-fertit/">Dār Fertit on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Dār Fertit: Raga County</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/dar-fertit/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Today's Dar Fertit lies mostly in the western part of Raga County - pronounced 'raja' - in Western Bahr el Ghazal, with Fertit communities also in northwestern Western Equatoria and the northwesternmost corner of Northern Bahr el Ghazal. Raga was the end of the road for many thin...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Today's Dar Fertit lies mostly in the western part of Raga County - pronounced 'raja' - in Western Bahr el Ghazal, with Fertit communities also in northwestern Western Equatoria and the northwesternmost corner of Northern Bahr el Ghazal. Raga was the end of the road for many thin...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/dar-fertit/">Dār Fertit on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Dār Fertit: The Name That Stayed</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/dar-fertit/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[What makes Dar Fertit remarkable is how a category imposed by outsiders, for the purpose of enslaving people, has become something like a shared identity among the descendants of those same people. This is not a clean story. It carries the weight of every caravan, every raid, eve...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>What makes Dar Fertit remarkable is how a category imposed by outsiders, for the purpose of enslaving people, has become something like a shared identity among the descendants of those same people. This is not a clean story. It carries the weight of every caravan, every raid, eve...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/dar-fertit/">Dār Fertit on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>6</itunes:episode>
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