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    <title>Qualla: Chad</title>
    <link>https://qualla.com/chad</link>
    <description><![CDATA[Lake Chad, the Tibesti Mountains, and the crossroads of the Sahara and the Sahel.]]></description>
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    <copyright>© 2026 Bendyline</copyright>
    <lastBuildDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2026 10:21:02 GMT</lastBuildDate>
    <itunes:author>Qualla</itunes:author>
    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[Lake Chad, the Tibesti Mountains, and the crossroads of the Sahara and the Sahel.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <itunes:name>Qualla</itunes:name>
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      <title>Qualla: Chad</title>
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      <title>Ouanda Djallé</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/ouanda-djalle/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Public domain. A tiny sub-prefecture in the remote northeast of the Central African Republic, Ouanda Djallé sits below Mont Toussoro in a region repeatedly shaken by rebels, the LRA, and the advancing Sahel.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Public domain. A tiny sub-prefecture in the remote northeast of the Central African Republic, Ouanda Djallé sits below Mont Toussoro in a region repeatedly shaken by rebels, the LRA, and the advancing Sahel.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/ouanda-djalle/">Ouanda Djallé on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>5:07</itunes:duration>
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      <title>Birao</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/birao/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit © UNICEF, Pierre Holtz/hdptcar, Bangui, Central African Republic, CC BY-SA 2.0. The northernmost outpost of French colonial Ubangi-Shari, Birao has been burned, exiled to, contested between militias, and occupied by Russian mercenaries - a town whose history reads like a warning about what remoteness can mean.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit © UNICEF, Pierre Holtz/hdptcar, Bangui, Central African Republic, CC BY-SA 2.0. The northernmost outpost of French colonial Ubangi-Shari, Birao has been burned, exiled to, contested between militias, and occupied by Russian mercenaries - a town whose history reads like a warning about what remoteness can mean.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/birao/">Birao on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: © UNICEF | Pierre Holtz/hdptcar, Bangui, Central African Republic | CC BY-SA 2.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>5:25</itunes:duration>
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      <title>Central African Republic–Chad border</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/central-african-republic-chad-border/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A 1,556-kilometer border stitched together from a dozen rivers and three short straight lines, drawn by French colonial cartographers through country people had been crossing for centuries.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A 1,556-kilometer border stitched together from a dozen rivers and three short straight lines, drawn by French colonial cartographers through country people had been crossing for centuries.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/central-african-republic-chad-border/">Central African Republic–Chad border on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>5:46</itunes:duration>
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      <title>Central African Republic–Sudan border</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/central-african-republic-sudan-border/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Just 174 kilometers long, this short border roughly follows the watershed between the Nile and Congo basins - a continental divide that British and French commissioners demarcated on foot in the 1920s.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Just 174 kilometers long, this short border roughly follows the watershed between the Nile and Congo basins - a continental divide that British and French commissioners demarcated on foot in the 1920s.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/central-african-republic-sudan-border/">Central African Republic–Sudan border on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>5:27</itunes:duration>
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      <title>Chad–Sudan border</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/chad-sudan-border/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Vallee, CC BY-SA 4.0. From the Libyan tripoint 423 kilometers down the 24th meridian, then a wandering 980 kilometers to the CAR corner - a 1,403-kilometer line that has been war zone, refugee corridor, and caravan route in turn.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Vallee, CC BY-SA 4.0. From the Libyan tripoint 423 kilometers down the 24th meridian, then a wandering 980 kilometers to the CAR corner - a 1,403-kilometer line that has been war zone, refugee corridor, and caravan route in turn.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/chad-sudan-border/">Chad–Sudan border on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Vallee | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>5:17</itunes:duration>
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    <item>
      <title>West Darfur</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/west-darfur/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Sudan Envoy, CC BY 2.0. Historically known as Dar Masalit - the Masalit homeland - West Darfur state sits on the Chadian border, and its capital Geneina has been the site of some of the worst ethnic violence of the 2023-present Sudanese civil war.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Sudan Envoy, CC BY 2.0. Historically known as Dar Masalit - the Masalit homeland - West Darfur state sits on the Chadian border, and its capital Geneina has been the site of some of the worst ethnic violence of the 2023-present Sudanese civil war.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/west-darfur/">West Darfur on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Sudan Envoy | CC BY 2.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>7:13</itunes:duration>
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    <item>
      <title>African theatre of World War I</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/african-theatre-of-world-war-i/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Public domain. From Morocco to Mozambique, the Great War spilled across a continent the European powers had only just divided among themselves, and the African soldiers, carriers, and villagers caught in it paid the heaviest price.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Public domain. From Morocco to Mozambique, the Great War spilled across a continent the European powers had only just divided among themselves, and the African soldiers, carriers, and villagers caught in it paid the heaviest price.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/african-theatre-of-world-war-i/">African theatre of World War I on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>7:46</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
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    <item>
      <title>Kreinik massacre</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/kreinik-massacre/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[On April 21, 2022, a Darfuri town that had been a refuge for the displaced became the site of one of Sudan's worst massacres of the decade.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>On April 21, 2022, a Darfuri town that had been a refuge for the displaced became the site of one of Sudan's worst massacres of the decade.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/kreinik-massacre/">Kreinik massacre on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>5:35</itunes:duration>
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    <item>
      <title>Marrah Mountains</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/marrah-mountains/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Mohamed Siddig Abdelaziz, CC BY-SA 4.0. A temperate island of rain, lakes, and pine rising three kilometers above the Sahel, the highest ground in Sudan and a refuge for the Fur people.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Mohamed Siddig Abdelaziz, CC BY-SA 4.0. A temperate island of rain, lakes, and pine rising three kilometers above the Sahel, the highest ground in Sudan and a refuge for the Fur people.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/marrah-mountains/">Marrah Mountains on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Mohamed Siddig Abdelaziz | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>5:42</itunes:duration>
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    <item>
      <title>2025 Tarasin landslide</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/2025-tarasin-landslide/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Earth Science and Remote Sensing Unit, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Public domain. A mountainside in Darfur gave way at five o'clock on a rainy August evening, and a village called Tarasin was gone.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Earth Science and Remote Sensing Unit, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Public domain. A mountainside in Darfur gave way at five o'clock on a rainy August evening, and a village called Tarasin was gone.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/2025-tarasin-landslide/">2025 Tarasin landslide on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Earth Science and Remote Sensing Unit, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>5:16</itunes:duration>
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    <item>
      <title>Ain Farah</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/ain-farah/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Perched 100 meters above a Darfur spring, a long-vanished sultan built a stone city on a ridge so steep it reminded travelers of eagles' nests.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Perched 100 meters above a Darfur spring, a long-vanished sultan built a stone city on a ridge so steep it reminded travelers of eagles' nests.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/ain-farah/">Ain Farah on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>5:32</itunes:duration>
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    <item>
      <title>Ennedi Plateau</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/ennedi-plateau/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit David Stanley from Nanaimo, Canada, CC BY 2.0. A Switzerland-sized sandstone massif in the Sahara where desert crocodiles cling to hidden pools and 7,000-year-old rock paintings record the birth of African pastoralism.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit David Stanley from Nanaimo, Canada, CC BY 2.0. A Switzerland-sized sandstone massif in the Sahara where desert crocodiles cling to hidden pools and 7,000-year-old rock paintings record the birth of African pastoralism.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/ennedi-plateau/">Ennedi Plateau on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: David Stanley from Nanaimo, Canada | CC BY 2.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>5:31</itunes:duration>
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      <title>Ennedi Est (province)</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/ennedi-est-province/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit David Stanley from Nanaimo, Canada, CC BY 2.0. A Chadian province wedged against the Libyan and Sudanese borders, where the longest runway in the country sits beside a refugee camp of nearly 68,000 people fleeing Sudan's civil war.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit David Stanley from Nanaimo, Canada, CC BY 2.0. A Chadian province wedged against the Libyan and Sudanese borders, where the longest runway in the country sits beside a refugee camp of nearly 68,000 people fleeing Sudan's civil war.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/ennedi-est-province/">Ennedi Est (province) on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: David Stanley from Nanaimo, Canada | CC BY 2.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>4:51</itunes:duration>
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    <item>
      <title>Lagdo Reservoir</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/lagdo-reservoir/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Jfisherpccam, CC BY-SA 3.0. A Chinese-built dam in northern Cameroon whose periodic water releases have flooded Nigerian cities, displaced tens of thousands, and ignited a decades-long transboundary dispute over a downstream dam that was promised but never built.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Jfisherpccam, CC BY-SA 3.0. A Chinese-built dam in northern Cameroon whose periodic water releases have flooded Nigerian cities, displaced tens of thousands, and ignited a decades-long transboundary dispute over a downstream dam that was promised but never built.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/lagdo-reservoir/">Lagdo Reservoir on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Jfisherpccam | CC BY-SA 3.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>5:28</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
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    <item>
      <title>Rhumsiki</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/rhumsiki/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Amcaja, CC BY-SA 3.0. A Kapsiki village in Cameroon's Mandara Mountains where volcanic plugs rise like stone sentinels around thatched-roof homes, creating scenery that travel guides call breathtaking -- even as they warn that tourism is changing what it celebrates.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Amcaja, CC BY-SA 3.0. A Kapsiki village in Cameroon's Mandara Mountains where volcanic plugs rise like stone sentinels around thatched-roof homes, creating scenery that travel guides call breathtaking -- even as they warn that tourism is changing what it celebrates.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/rhumsiki/">Rhumsiki on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Amcaja | CC BY-SA 3.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>4:40</itunes:duration>
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    <item>
      <title>The Fall of Gwoza</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/fall-of-gwoza/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In August 2014, Boko Haram militants disguised in Nigerian military uniforms stormed the border city of Gwoza, declaring it the capital of their caliphate - the first time the insurgent group claimed sovereign territory.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In August 2014, Boko Haram militants disguised in Nigerian military uniforms stormed the border city of Gwoza, declaring it the capital of their caliphate - the first time the insurgent group claimed sovereign territory.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/fall-of-gwoza/">The Fall of Gwoza on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>4:44</itunes:duration>
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      <title>Gwoza</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/gwoza/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Muhammad Idris Tetengi, CC BY-SA 4.0. A town in northeastern Nigeria nestled against the Mandara Mountains, Gwoza survived Boko Haram's seven-month occupation and the murder of its traditional ruler to re-emerge as a community rebuilding at the edge of one of Africa's most dramatic mountain landscapes.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Muhammad Idris Tetengi, CC BY-SA 4.0. A town in northeastern Nigeria nestled against the Mandara Mountains, Gwoza survived Boko Haram's seven-month occupation and the murder of its traditional ruler to re-emerge as a community rebuilding at the edge of one of Africa's most dramatic mountain landscapes.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/gwoza/">Gwoza on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Muhammad Idris Tetengi | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>4:57</itunes:duration>
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    <item>
      <title>Diy-Gid-Biy: Where Chiefs Called the Rain</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/diy-gid-biy/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[High in the Mandara Mountains along the Cameroon-Nigeria border, sixteen dry-stone terrace complexes stand as the oldest coherent archaeological sites in the range - built by the Mafa people possibly as ritual structures to summon rain, and inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2025.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>High in the Mandara Mountains along the Cameroon-Nigeria border, sixteen dry-stone terrace complexes stand as the oldest coherent archaeological sites in the range - built by the Mafa people possibly as ritual structures to summon rain, and inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2025.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/diy-gid-biy/">Diy-Gid-Biy on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>4:56</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
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    <item>
      <title>The Pipeline That Promised Prosperity</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/chad-cameroon-petroleum-development-and-pipeline-project/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A 1,070-kilometer oil pipeline built from landlocked Chad to the Cameroonian coast was supposed to be a model for how resource extraction could reduce poverty in Africa - instead, it became a case study in how promises made by governments and corporations unravel.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A 1,070-kilometer oil pipeline built from landlocked Chad to the Cameroonian coast was supposed to be a model for how resource extraction could reduce poverty in Africa - instead, it became a case study in how promises made by governments and corporations unravel.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/chad-cameroon-petroleum-development-and-pipeline-project/">The Pipeline That Promised Prosperity on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>6:00</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
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      <title>Zakouma National Park</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/zakouma-national-park/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Fatakaya, CC BY-SA 4.0. A 3,000-square-kilometer park in southern Chad where 95% of the elephants were poached in eight years, then a nonprofit took over management and the herds began to recover -- now home to possibly the largest single elephant herd in Africa.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Fatakaya, CC BY-SA 4.0. A 3,000-square-kilometer park in southern Chad where 95% of the elephants were poached in eight years, then a nonprofit took over management and the herds began to recover -- now home to possibly the largest single elephant herd in Africa.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/zakouma-national-park/">Zakouma National Park on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Fatakaya | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>5:32</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
      <itunes:image href="https://qualla.com/_m/s/3/v/v/zakouma-national-park-wk/s3vv-zakouma-national-park-combined-cover.jpg"/>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Manovo-Gounda St. Floris National Park</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/manovo-gounda-st-floris-national-park/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Garoa larrañeta, CC BY-SA 4.0. A UNESCO World Heritage Site in the Central African Republic that lost 80% of its wildlife to armed poachers and was placed on the danger list after park staff were shot -- a park whose designation now protects little more than an idea of what once lived here.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Garoa larrañeta, CC BY-SA 4.0. A UNESCO World Heritage Site in the Central African Republic that lost 80% of its wildlife to armed poachers and was placed on the danger list after park staff were shot -- a park whose designation now protects little more than an idea of what once lived here.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/manovo-gounda-st-floris-national-park/">Manovo-Gounda St. Floris National Park on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Garoa larrañeta | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>5:42</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episodeType>full</itunes:episodeType>
      <itunes:image href="https://qualla.com/_m/s/3/x/2/manovo-gounda-st-floris-national-park-wp/s3x2-manovo-gounda-st-floris-national-park-combined-cover.jpg"/>
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