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    <title>Qualla: British Occupation of Manila</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[For eighteen months during the Seven Years' War, the British seized Manila and Cavite, only to be hemmed in by Filipino resistance forces they could never defeat.]]></description>
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    <lastBuildDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2026 10:21:37 GMT</lastBuildDate>
    <itunes:author>Qualla</itunes:author>
    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[For eighteen months during the Seven Years' War, the British seized Manila and Cavite, only to be hemmed in by Filipino resistance forces they could never defeat.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Qualla: British Occupation of Manila</title>
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      <title>British Occupation of Manila: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/british-occupation-of-manila/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Francinehihao, CC0. On January 6, 1762, the British Cabinet approved one of the most ambitious long-distance military operations of the 18th century: Colonel William Draper, already stationed at Madras with the 79th Regiment of Foot, would cross the Indian Ocean and seize Manila from Spain. The plan was part of a global conflict that would later be called the Seven Years' War, and Manila was the prize that could secure British commercial dominance in Asia. Eight ships of the line, three frigates, four store ships, and nearly 7,000 men sailed into Manila Bay on September 24, 1762. The city fell in under two weeks. Holding it would prove to be another matter entirely.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Francinehihao, CC0. On January 6, 1762, the British Cabinet approved one of the most ambitious long-distance military operations of the 18th century: Colonel William Draper, already stationed at Madras with the 79th Regiment of Foot, would cross the Indian Ocean and seize Manila from Spain. The plan was part of a global conflict that would later be called the Seven Years' War, and Manila was the prize that could secure British commercial dominance in Asia. Eight ships of the line, three frigates, four store ships, and nearly 7,000 men sailed into Manila Bay on September 24, 1762. The city fell in under two weeks. Holding it would prove to be another matter entirely.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/british-occupation-of-manila/">British Occupation of Manila on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Francinehihao | CC0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>British Occupation of Manila: The War Reaches the Pacific</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/british-occupation-of-manila/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Gubernatoria, CC BY 2.5 au. Spain had tried to stay neutral as Britain and France tore into each other across Europe, North America, India, and the Caribbean. But France was losing badly, and as British victories mounted, Madrid grew alarmed at the prospect of a single power dominating global trade. The Fam...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Gubernatoria, CC BY 2.5 au. Spain had tried to stay neutral as Britain and France tore into each other across Europe, North America, India, and the Caribbean. But France was losing badly, and as British victories mounted, Madrid grew alarmed at the prospect of a single power dominating global trade. The Fam...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/british-occupation-of-manila/">British Occupation of Manila on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Gubernatoria | CC BY 2.5 au</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>British Occupation of Manila: Twenty Thousand Cannonballs</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/british-occupation-of-manila/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Gubernatoria, CC BY 2.5 au. The British bombardment was overwhelming. The fleet expended more than 20,000 cannonballs and 5,000 bombs against Manila's fortifications. The Spanish garrison, caught off guard by an attack from an ocean away, could not withstand the assault. Manila and the nearby port of Cavite...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Gubernatoria, CC BY 2.5 au. The British bombardment was overwhelming. The fleet expended more than 20,000 cannonballs and 5,000 bombs against Manila's fortifications. The Spanish garrison, caught off guard by an attack from an ocean away, could not withstand the assault. Manila and the nearby port of Cavite...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/british-occupation-of-manila/">British Occupation of Manila on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Gubernatoria | CC BY 2.5 au</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>British Occupation of Manila: The Siege That Saved the Philippines</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/british-occupation-of-manila/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Francinehihao, CC0. What the British could not have anticipated was the resistance organized by Lieutenant Governor Simon de Anda y Salazar. When Manila fell, Anda y Salazar established a provisional Spanish colonial government backed by members of the Royal Audience of Manila and rallied mostly Fil...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Francinehihao, CC0. What the British could not have anticipated was the resistance organized by Lieutenant Governor Simon de Anda y Salazar. When Manila fell, Anda y Salazar established a provisional Spanish colonial government backed by members of the Royal Audience of Manila and rallied mostly Fil...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/british-occupation-of-manila/">British Occupation of Manila on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Francinehihao | CC0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>British Occupation of Manila: Humiliated and Gone</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/british-occupation-of-manila/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Francinehihao, CC0. The Seven Years' War ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1763, which required Britain to return Manila and Cavite to Spain. The British withdrew in the first week of April 1764, having held the city for exactly eighteen months. They left, in the words of one account, humiliated. Th...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Francinehihao, CC0. The Seven Years' War ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1763, which required Britain to return Manila and Cavite to Spain. The British withdrew in the first week of April 1764, having held the city for exactly eighteen months. They left, in the words of one account, humiliated. Th...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/british-occupation-of-manila/">British Occupation of Manila on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Francinehihao | CC0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
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