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    <title>Qualla: Battle of the Standard</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[On 22 August 1138 on Cowton Moor near Northallerton an English army of Yorkshire militia defeated King David I of Scotland under a cart-mounted mast bearing consecrated banners from York, Beverley, and Ripon.]]></description>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[On 22 August 1138 on Cowton Moor near Northallerton an English army of Yorkshire militia defeated King David I of Scotland under a cart-mounted mast bearing consecrated banners from York, Beverley, and Ripon.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Battle of the Standard: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-the-standard/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Roger W Haworth, CC BY 2.5. It was the cart that gave the battle its name. Archbishop Thurstan of York had rigged a ship's mast onto a wagon, mounted a pyx with the consecrated host at the top, and run up the banners of the minsters of York, Beverley, and Ripon. The whole contraption stood at the centre of the English line on Cowton Moor, a strange ecclesiastical engine borrowed from contemporary Italian warfare where it was called a carroccio. Around it Yorkshire farmers, baronial retinues from the north Midlands, and dismounted Norman knights waited for the Scots. The morning was 22 August 1138. By noon the Scottish army had disintegrated, and a king who had crossed the Tweed expecting easy conquest was riding hard for Carlisle.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Roger W Haworth, CC BY 2.5. It was the cart that gave the battle its name. Archbishop Thurstan of York had rigged a ship's mast onto a wagon, mounted a pyx with the consecrated host at the top, and run up the banners of the minsters of York, Beverley, and Ripon. The whole contraption stood at the centre of the English line on Cowton Moor, a strange ecclesiastical engine borrowed from contemporary Italian warfare where it was called a carroccio. Around it Yorkshire farmers, baronial retinues from the north Midlands, and dismounted Norman knights waited for the Scots. The morning was 22 August 1138. By noon the Scottish army had disintegrated, and a king who had crossed the Tweed expecting easy conquest was riding hard for Carlisle.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-the-standard/">Battle of the Standard on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Roger W Haworth | CC BY 2.5</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 29 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Battle of the Standard: Anarchy and Opportunity</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-the-standard/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit AddtInfo, CC BY-SA 4.0. King David I of Scotland had a reasonable case for invading. Henry I of England, who had been David's brother-in-law and patron, had made his nobles swear in 1127 to support his daughter Matilda as heir. David was the first layman to take the oath. When Henry died in 1135, Matild...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit AddtInfo, CC BY-SA 4.0. King David I of Scotland had a reasonable case for invading. Henry I of England, who had been David's brother-in-law and patron, had made his nobles swear in 1127 to support his daughter Matilda as heir. David was the first layman to take the oath. When Henry died in 1135, Matild...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-the-standard/">Battle of the Standard on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: AddtInfo | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 29 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Battle of the Standard: The Cart and the Sermon</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-the-standard/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Unknown author, CC BY-SA 4.0. Stephen could spare almost nothing for the north. He was fighting rebel barons in the south and sent only a small force, mostly mercenaries. The defence was therefore raised by Archbishop Thurstan of York, an old man by 1138 but a formidable organiser. He preached that resisting ...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Unknown author, CC BY-SA 4.0. Stephen could spare almost nothing for the north. He was fighting rebel barons in the south and sent only a small force, mostly mercenaries. The defence was therefore raised by Archbishop Thurstan of York, an old man by 1138 but a formidable organiser. He preached that resisting ...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-the-standard/">Battle of the Standard on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Unknown author | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 29 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Battle of the Standard: Three Hours</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-the-standard/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit The joy of all things, CC BY 4.0. Early on 22 August the Scots found the English drawn up on open fields two miles north of Northallerton, on Cowton Moor. The Scottish army formed in four lines and attacked. Their first line, unarmoured spearmen mostly drawn from the Galwegians and the Highlands, charged a wall o...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit The joy of all things, CC BY 4.0. Early on 22 August the Scots found the English drawn up on open fields two miles north of Northallerton, on Cowton Moor. The Scottish army formed in four lines and attacked. Their first line, unarmoured spearmen mostly drawn from the Galwegians and the Highlands, charged a wall o...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-the-standard/">Battle of the Standard on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: The joy of all things | CC BY 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 29 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Battle of the Standard: The Strange Peace</title>
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      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit The original uploader was Soloist at English Wikipedia., CC BY-SA 3.0. The English did not pursue far. David fell back to Carlisle and quickly reassembled an army. Within a month the two sides had negotiated a truce that left the Scots free to continue besieging Wark Castle, which eventually fell. And despite losing the battle, David received most o...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit The original uploader was Soloist at English Wikipedia., CC BY-SA 3.0. The English did not pursue far. David fell back to Carlisle and quickly reassembled an army. Within a month the two sides had negotiated a truce that left the Scots free to continue besieging Wark Castle, which eventually fell. And despite losing the battle, David received most o...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-the-standard/">Battle of the Standard on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: The original uploader was Soloist at English Wikipedia. | CC BY-SA 3.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 29 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
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