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    <title>Qualla: Battle of Mud Springs</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[A three-day siege in frozen February 1865, where fourteen men held a sod telegraph station against a thousand warriors seeking vengeance for Sand Creek.]]></description>
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    <lastBuildDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2026 10:21:04 GMT</lastBuildDate>
    <itunes:author>Qualla</itunes:author>
    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[A three-day siege in frozen February 1865, where fourteen men held a sod telegraph station against a thousand warriors seeking vengeance for Sand Creek.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Qualla: Battle of Mud Springs</title>
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      <title>Battle of Mud Springs: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-mud-springs/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Public domain. Empty cans of oysters, fruit, and codfish littered the abandoned camp. Colonel William Collins and his exhausted soldiers found these remnants of plunder scattered across the frozen Nebraska prairie as they tracked the massive encampment northward. Three days earlier, only fourteen men had stood behind the sod and log walls of Mud Springs station, watching as an advance party of Sioux warriors appeared on the horizon. What followed was one of the largest engagements of the Plains Indian Wars in Nebraska, a clash born from the ashes of Sand Creek that would see over a thousand warriors lay siege to a remote telegraph outpost in the bitter February cold.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Public domain. Empty cans of oysters, fruit, and codfish littered the abandoned camp. Colonel William Collins and his exhausted soldiers found these remnants of plunder scattered across the frozen Nebraska prairie as they tracked the massive encampment northward. Three days earlier, only fourteen men had stood behind the sod and log walls of Mud Springs station, watching as an advance party of Sioux warriors appeared on the horizon. What followed was one of the largest engagements of the Plains Indian Wars in Nebraska, a clash born from the ashes of Sand Creek that would see over a thousand warriors lay siege to a remote telegraph outpost in the bitter February cold.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-mud-springs/">Battle of Mud Springs on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>1</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Battle of Mud Springs: Revenge Rides North</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-mud-springs/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Ammodramus, CC0. The violence at Mud Springs did not begin there. Three months earlier, in November 1864, Colonel John Chivington had led Colorado militia in an attack on a peaceful Cheyenne and Arapaho encampment at Sand Creek, killing over 150 people, mostly women and children. The survivors fl...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Ammodramus, CC0. The violence at Mud Springs did not begin there. Three months earlier, in November 1864, Colonel John Chivington had led Colorado militia in an attack on a peaceful Cheyenne and Arapaho encampment at Sand Creek, killing over 150 people, mostly women and children. The survivors fl...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-mud-springs/">Battle of Mud Springs on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Ammodramus | CC0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:duration>0:06</itunes:duration>
      <itunes:episode>2</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Battle of Mud Springs: Fourteen Against a Thousand</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-mud-springs/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Ammodramus, CC0. The sod walls of Mud Springs station sheltered nine soldiers and five civilians when the first warriors appeared. The advance party quickly captured eighteen horses and a large cattle herd, but the telegraph remained operational. The operator tapped out desperate appeals for help...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Ammodramus, CC0. The sod walls of Mud Springs station sheltered nine soldiers and five civilians when the first warriors appeared. The advance party quickly captured eighteen horses and a large cattle herd, but the telegraph remained operational. The operator tapped out desperate appeals for help...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-mud-springs/">Battle of Mud Springs on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Ammodramus | CC0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>3</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Battle of Mud Springs: Horses Loosed and Arrows Falling</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-mud-springs/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Ammodramus, CC0. The defenders found an unexpected tactic. That afternoon, soldiers opened the corrals and released their remaining horses. The stampeding animals scattered across the prairie, and hundreds of warriors broke from the siege to chase them. By evening, the warriors had tired of tradi...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Ammodramus, CC0. The defenders found an unexpected tactic. That afternoon, soldiers opened the corrals and released their remaining horses. The stampeding animals scattered across the prairie, and hundreds of warriors broke from the siege to chase them. By evening, the warriors had tired of tradi...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-mud-springs/">Battle of Mud Springs on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Ammodramus | CC0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Battle of Mud Springs: Pursuit Across Frozen Ground</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-mud-springs/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Ammodramus, CC0. That night, Lieutenant William Brown arrived with fifty additional troopers and a twelve-pounder mountain howitzer. Collins prepared to attack the next morning, but the allied forces had gone. The massive encampment, perhaps four to five thousand men, women, and children, moved l...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Ammodramus, CC0. That night, Lieutenant William Brown arrived with fifty additional troopers and a twelve-pounder mountain howitzer. Collins prepared to attack the next morning, but the allied forces had gone. The massive encampment, perhaps four to five thousand men, women, and children, moved l...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-mud-springs/">Battle of Mud Springs on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Ammodramus | CC0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Battle of Mud Springs: Contested Memory</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-mud-springs/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Ammodramus, CC0. Official Army records listed one soldier killed and eight wounded at Mud Springs. Colonel Collins estimated thirty Indigenous casualties. The Cheyenne warrior George Bent, who may have participated in the engagement, later claimed no warriors died. Both accounts cannot be true, a...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Ammodramus, CC0. Official Army records listed one soldier killed and eight wounded at Mud Springs. Colonel Collins estimated thirty Indigenous casualties. The Cheyenne warrior George Bent, who may have participated in the engagement, later claimed no warriors died. Both accounts cannot be true, a...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-mud-springs/">Battle of Mud Springs on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Ammodramus | CC0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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