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    <title>Qualla: Battle of Grahamstown</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[In April 1819, the Xhosa prophet Makhanda led thousands of warriors against the British garrison at Grahamstown in a desperate bid to reclaim stolen land and cattle, a battle the Xhosa still remember at the site they call Egazini, the Place of Blood.]]></description>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[In April 1819, the Xhosa prophet Makhanda led thousands of warriors against the British garrison at Grahamstown in a desperate bid to reclaim stolen land and cattle, a battle the Xhosa still remember at the site they call Egazini, the Place of Blood.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Qualla: Battle of Grahamstown</title>
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      <title>Battle of Grahamstown: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-grahamstown/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Alchetron, CC BY 4.0. The bullets would turn to water. That was the promise Makhanda, the Xhosa prophet, made to the warriors gathering for the assault on Grahamstown in April 1819. He had reason to believe the gods were on their side. The British under Colonel Thomas Brereton had just seized 23,000 head of cattle from the AmaNdlambe Xhosa, an act of plunder so brazen that it united Xhosa chieftainships that had rarely fought together. Makhanda urged them to drive the British from Xhosaland once and for all. What followed was one of the largest and most determined indigenous attacks on a colonial settlement in southern African history.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Alchetron, CC BY 4.0. The bullets would turn to water. That was the promise Makhanda, the Xhosa prophet, made to the warriors gathering for the assault on Grahamstown in April 1819. He had reason to believe the gods were on their side. The British under Colonel Thomas Brereton had just seized 23,000 head of cattle from the AmaNdlambe Xhosa, an act of plunder so brazen that it united Xhosa chieftainships that had rarely fought together. Makhanda urged them to drive the British from Xhosaland once and for all. What followed was one of the largest and most determined indigenous attacks on a colonial settlement in southern African history.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-grahamstown/">Battle of Grahamstown on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Alchetron | CC BY 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>1</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Battle of Grahamstown: A Prophet&apos;s Call to Arms</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-grahamstown/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Alchetron, CC BY 4.0. Makhanda was not a chief in the conventional sense but a spiritual leader whose authority derived from his role as a prophet and war doctor among the Xhosa. When Brereton's forces stripped the AmaNdlambe of their vast herds, Makhanda saw both a practical crisis and a spiritual on...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Alchetron, CC BY 4.0. Makhanda was not a chief in the conventional sense but a spiritual leader whose authority derived from his role as a prophet and war doctor among the Xhosa. When Brereton's forces stripped the AmaNdlambe of their vast herds, Makhanda saw both a practical crisis and a spiritual on...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-grahamstown/">Battle of Grahamstown on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Alchetron | CC BY 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Battle of Grahamstown: Six Thousand Against Three Hundred</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-grahamstown/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Alchetron, CC BY 4.0. On 22 April 1819, a force of approximately 6,000 Xhosa warriors, some sources say as many as 10,000, advanced on Grahamstown in broad daylight. They were commanded by Dushane, Ndlambe's warrior son, with Makhanda providing spiritual leadership. Women and children accompanied the ...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Alchetron, CC BY 4.0. On 22 April 1819, a force of approximately 6,000 Xhosa warriors, some sources say as many as 10,000, advanced on Grahamstown in broad daylight. They were commanded by Dushane, Ndlambe's warrior son, with Makhanda providing spiritual leadership. Women and children accompanied the ...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-grahamstown/">Battle of Grahamstown on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Alchetron | CC BY 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Battle of Grahamstown: The Fight for Egazini</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-grahamstown/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Alchetron, CC BY 4.0. The Xhosa assault was fierce and sustained. Wave after wave of warriors pressed toward the settlement, armed primarily with assegais and shields against British muskets and artillery. The garrison's ammunition began to run dangerously low as the fighting ground on. At the critica...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Alchetron, CC BY 4.0. The Xhosa assault was fierce and sustained. Wave after wave of warriors pressed toward the settlement, armed primarily with assegais and shields against British muskets and artillery. The garrison's ammunition began to run dangerously low as the fighting ground on. At the critica...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-grahamstown/">Battle of Grahamstown on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Alchetron | CC BY 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Battle of Grahamstown: Makhanda&apos;s Surrender</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-grahamstown/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Alchetron, CC BY 4.0. The Fifth Xhosa War continued for several months after Grahamstown, and the Xhosa suffered further heavy losses as British forces pressed their advantage. The colonial authorities fixated on Makhanda as the primary instigator, pursuing him relentlessly. Makhanda eventually surren...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Alchetron, CC BY 4.0. The Fifth Xhosa War continued for several months after Grahamstown, and the Xhosa suffered further heavy losses as British forces pressed their advantage. The colonial authorities fixated on Makhanda as the primary instigator, pursuing him relentlessly. Makhanda eventually surren...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-grahamstown/">Battle of Grahamstown on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Alchetron | CC BY 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Battle of Grahamstown: The Place of Blood</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-grahamstown/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Alchetron, CC BY 4.0. The battlefield is still called Egazini, the Place of Blood, in the Xhosa language. In 2001, a monument was erected there to honor the fallen Xhosa warriors, a formal recognition nearly two centuries late. From the air, the Eastern Cape landscape around Makhanda (formerly Grahams...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Alchetron, CC BY 4.0. The battlefield is still called Egazini, the Place of Blood, in the Xhosa language. In 2001, a monument was erected there to honor the fallen Xhosa warriors, a formal recognition nearly two centuries late. From the air, the Eastern Cape landscape around Makhanda (formerly Grahams...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-grahamstown/">Battle of Grahamstown on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Alchetron | CC BY 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>6</itunes:episode>
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