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    <title>Qualla: Battle of Ash Hollow</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[A punitive expedition over a stray cow escalated into the defining battle of the First Sioux War, leaving the Lakota with three bitter names for General William Harney: 'The Butcher,' 'The Hornet,' and 'The Big Chief Who Swears.']]></description>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[A punitive expedition over a stray cow escalated into the defining battle of the First Sioux War, leaving the Lakota with three bitter names for General William Harney: 'The Butcher,' 'The Hornet,' and 'The Big Chief Who Swears.']]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Qualla: Battle of Ash Hollow</title>
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      <title>Battle of Ash Hollow: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-ash-hollow/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit G.K. Warren, Public domain. It started with a cow. A Mormon emigrant lost the animal along the Oregon Trail in August 1854; it wandered into a Sicangu Lakota camp where a Miniconjou Sioux named High Forehead killed it for food. This minor incident would cascade into the First Sioux War, culminating thirteen months later at Blue Water Creek in present-day Garden County, Nebraska. There, 600 U.S. soldiers under Brigadier General William S. Harney attacked 250 Sioux, killing 86 and taking 70 prisoners, mostly women and children. The Lakota would remember Harney by three names, none of them kind.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit G.K. Warren, Public domain. It started with a cow. A Mormon emigrant lost the animal along the Oregon Trail in August 1854; it wandered into a Sicangu Lakota camp where a Miniconjou Sioux named High Forehead killed it for food. This minor incident would cascade into the First Sioux War, culminating thirteen months later at Blue Water Creek in present-day Garden County, Nebraska. There, 600 U.S. soldiers under Brigadier General William S. Harney attacked 250 Sioux, killing 86 and taking 70 prisoners, mostly women and children. The Lakota would remember Harney by three names, none of them kind.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-ash-hollow/">Battle of Ash Hollow on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: G.K. Warren | Public domain</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>1</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Battle of Ash Hollow: The Grattan Affair</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-ash-hollow/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Ammodramus, CC0. The 1851 Treaty of Fort Laramie was supposed to bring peace. Disputes over livestock would be handled by Indian agents, not soldiers. But when the Mormon farmer reported his cow stolen, Fort Laramie's commander sent Lieutenant John Lawrence Grattan, a young officer said to be con...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Ammodramus, CC0. The 1851 Treaty of Fort Laramie was supposed to bring peace. Disputes over livestock would be handled by Indian agents, not soldiers. But when the Mormon farmer reported his cow stolen, Fort Laramie's commander sent Lieutenant John Lawrence Grattan, a young officer said to be con...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-ash-hollow/">Battle of Ash Hollow on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Ammodramus | CC0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Battle of Ash Hollow: Harney&apos;s March</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-ash-hollow/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Ammodramus, CC0. The War Department chose William S. Harney to deliver punishment, with orders to 'whip the Indians.' The Harney expedition set out in August 1855 with 600 soldiers. On September 1, they found a Sioux encampment along the Platte River at a place called Blue Waters. Harney devised ...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Ammodramus, CC0. The War Department chose William S. Harney to deliver punishment, with orders to 'whip the Indians.' The Harney expedition set out in August 1855 with 600 soldiers. On September 1, they found a Sioux encampment along the Platte River at a place called Blue Waters. Harney devised ...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-ash-hollow/">Battle of Ash Hollow on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Ammodramus | CC0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Battle of Ash Hollow: Caves Along the River</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-ash-hollow/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Ammodramus, CC0. When the Sioux discovered the flanking force, Harney attacked the camp. Some families fled into caves along the riverbank. Harney ordered his men to fire into the caves. Women and children died in the darkness. A large group of mounted warriors tried to break through Heth's block...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Ammodramus, CC0. When the Sioux discovered the flanking force, Harney attacked the camp. Some families fled into caves along the riverbank. Harney ordered his men to fire into the caves. Women and children died in the darkness. A large group of mounted warriors tried to break through Heth's block...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-ash-hollow/">Battle of Ash Hollow on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Ammodramus | CC0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>4</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Battle of Ash Hollow: Three Names for Harney</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-ash-hollow/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Ammodramus, CC0. The Sioux gave Harney three names. For the slaughter at Blue Water Creek, they called him 'The Butcher.' For invading their territory, 'The Hornet.' For the peace treaty he forced upon them in March 1856, conducted without authorization from Washington, they called him 'The Big C...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Ammodramus, CC0. The Sioux gave Harney three names. For the slaughter at Blue Water Creek, they called him 'The Butcher.' For invading their territory, 'The Hornet.' For the peace treaty he forced upon them in March 1856, conducted without authorization from Washington, they called him 'The Big C...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-ash-hollow/">Battle of Ash Hollow on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Ammodramus | CC0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <itunes:episode>5</itunes:episode>
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      <title>Battle of Ash Hollow: A Peak and Its Name</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-ash-hollow/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Chris Light, CC BY-SA 4.0. After the battle, someone in Harney's expedition renamed Hinhan Kaga, the highest peak in the sacred Black Hills, as Harney Peak. The expedition had never come within five miles of it. For the Lakota, this was salt in an open wound: their sacred place bearing the name of the man ...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Chris Light, CC BY-SA 4.0. After the battle, someone in Harney's expedition renamed Hinhan Kaga, the highest peak in the sacred Black Hills, as Harney Peak. The expedition had never come within five miles of it. For the Lakota, this was salt in an open wound: their sacred place bearing the name of the man ...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-ash-hollow/">Battle of Ash Hollow on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Chris Light | CC BY-SA 4.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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