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    <title>Qualla: Battle of Asculum</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[At Asculum in 279 BC, King Pyrrhus of Epirus won a victory over Rome so costly that his name became a permanent warning: some victories are indistinguishable from defeat.]]></description>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[At Asculum in 279 BC, King Pyrrhus of Epirus won a victory over Rome so costly that his name became a permanent warning: some victories are indistinguishable from defeat.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Qualla: Battle of Asculum</title>
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      <title>Battle of Asculum: Introduction</title>
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      <description><![CDATA["If we are victorious in one more battle with the Romans, we shall be utterly ruined." Pyrrhus of Epirus reportedly said this to someone congratulating him after the Battle of Asculum in 279 BC, and the remark has outlived everything else about the engagement. Twenty-three centuries later, we still call a victory that costs more than it gains a "Pyrrhic victory." The battle itself, fought near the town the Romans called Asculum -- modern Ascoli Satriano in Apulia -- pitted roughly 70,000 soldiers on each side against one another in a contest whose outcome the ancient historians could not even agree on. Plutarch says Pyrrhus won. Cassius Dio says the Romans won. What everyone agrees on is that the cost was ruinous.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>"If we are victorious in one more battle with the Romans, we shall be utterly ruined." Pyrrhus of Epirus reportedly said this to someone congratulating him after the Battle of Asculum in 279 BC, and the remark has outlived everything else about the engagement. Twenty-three centuries later, we still call a victory that costs more than it gains a "Pyrrhic victory." The battle itself, fought near the town the Romans called Asculum -- modern Ascoli Satriano in Apulia -- pitted roughly 70,000 soldiers on each side against one another in a contest whose outcome the ancient historians could not even agree on. Plutarch says Pyrrhus won. Cassius Dio says the Romans won. What everyone agrees on is that the cost was ruinous.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-asculum/">Battle of Asculum on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Battle of Asculum: Fire Wagons Against War Elephants</title>
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      <description><![CDATA[Pyrrhus had brought war elephants to Italy, and at the earlier Battle of Heraclea in 280 BC, they had terrorized the Roman legions. The Romans were not the kind of people who suffered the same humiliation twice. Before Asculum, they built 300 specialized anti-elephant wagons -- f...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Pyrrhus had brought war elephants to Italy, and at the earlier Battle of Heraclea in 280 BC, they had terrorized the Roman legions. The Romans were not the kind of people who suffered the same humiliation twice. Before Asculum, they built 300 specialized anti-elephant wagons -- f...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-asculum/">Battle of Asculum on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Battle of Asculum: A Battlefield Pyrrhus Could Not Choose</title>
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      <description><![CDATA[The engagement at Asculum exposed the central tension of Pyrrhus's Italian campaign: his army was built for one kind of warfare, and Italy kept offering another. According to Plutarch, the fighting lasted two days. On the first day, Pyrrhus found himself on ground broken by woode...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The engagement at Asculum exposed the central tension of Pyrrhus's Italian campaign: his army was built for one kind of warfare, and Italy kept offering another. According to Plutarch, the fighting lasted two days. On the first day, Pyrrhus found himself on ground broken by woode...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-asculum/">Battle of Asculum on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Battle of Asculum: Three Historians, Three Different Battles</title>
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      <description><![CDATA[The accounts diverge so sharply that they almost describe different events. In Cassius Dio's version, the Romans deployed their fire wagons effectively, forcing the elephants to the far end of the line. A contingent of Daunian allies raided Pyrrhus's camp, causing panic among his...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The accounts diverge so sharply that they almost describe different events. In Cassius Dio's version, the Romans deployed their fire wagons effectively, forcing the elephants to the far end of the line. A contingent of Daunian allies raided Pyrrhus's camp, causing panic among his...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-asculum/">Battle of Asculum on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
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      <title>Battle of Asculum: The Arithmetic of Exhaustion</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/battle-of-asculum/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Plutarch, citing the historian Hieronymus of Cardia, puts Roman losses at 6,000 killed and Pyrrhus's own losses at 3,505 -- numbers drawn from Pyrrhus's personal war commentaries. Dionysius of Halicarnassus, in a passage now lost, reportedly claimed that over 15,000 men on both s...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Plutarch, citing the historian Hieronymus of Cardia, puts Roman losses at 6,000 killed and Pyrrhus's own losses at 3,505 -- numbers drawn from Pyrrhus's personal war commentaries. Dionysius of Halicarnassus, in a passage now lost, reportedly claimed that over 15,000 men on both s...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-asculum/">Battle of Asculum on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
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      <title>Battle of Asculum: The King Who Left</title>
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      <description><![CDATA[Recognizing that he could not win a war of attrition against Rome, Pyrrhus accepted an invitation from the Greek city-states of Sicily to help them fight the Carthaginians. He abandoned his Italian allies -- who were understandably aggrieved -- and spent three years campaigning i...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Recognizing that he could not win a war of attrition against Rome, Pyrrhus accepted an invitation from the Greek city-states of Sicily to help them fight the Carthaginians. He abandoned his Italian allies -- who were understandably aggrieved -- and spent three years campaigning i...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/battle-of-asculum/">Battle of Asculum on Qualla</a></p>]]></content:encoded>
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