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    <title>Qualla: Ancient Linzi</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[Capital of the ancient Qi state and home to China's earliest academy, where Mencius debated philosophy and 600 horses were sacrificed for a duke's burial.]]></description>
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    <itunes:summary><![CDATA[Capital of the ancient Qi state and home to China's earliest academy, where Mencius debated philosophy and 600 horses were sacrificed for a duke's burial.]]></itunes:summary>
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      <title>Qualla: Ancient Linzi</title>
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      <title>Ancient Linzi: Introduction</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/ancient-linzi/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Rolfmueller, CC BY-SA 3.0. Six hundred horses, arranged in two neat rows. That is what archaeologists found in the burial pits near the tomb of Duke Jing of Qi, outside the walls of ancient Linzi. The sheer scale of the sacrifice -- horses that would have represented enormous wealth in the 5th century BC -- tells you something about the city they surrounded. Linzi, capital of the Qi state, was one of the largest and richest cities in China during the Spring and Autumn period, a metropolis of 70,000 households according to the Records of the Grand Historian, built between two rivers in what is now Shandong Province.]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Rolfmueller, CC BY-SA 3.0. Six hundred horses, arranged in two neat rows. That is what archaeologists found in the burial pits near the tomb of Duke Jing of Qi, outside the walls of ancient Linzi. The sheer scale of the sacrifice -- horses that would have represented enormous wealth in the 5th century BC -- tells you something about the city they surrounded. Linzi, capital of the Qi state, was one of the largest and richest cities in China during the Spring and Autumn period, a metropolis of 70,000 households according to the Records of the Grand Historian, built between two rivers in what is now Shandong Province.</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/ancient-linzi/">Ancient Linzi on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Rolfmueller | CC BY-SA 3.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 14 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Ancient Linzi: A City Between Rivers</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/ancient-linzi/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Rolfmueller, CC BY-SA 3.0. Linzi was engineered to impress. Built between the Zi River to the east and the old course of the Xi River to the west, the city covered approximately 668 square kilometers -- vast by the standards of any ancient civilization. A 14-kilometer wall of rammed earth enclosed the oute...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Rolfmueller, CC BY-SA 3.0. Linzi was engineered to impress. Built between the Zi River to the east and the old course of the Xi River to the west, the city covered approximately 668 square kilometers -- vast by the standards of any ancient civilization. A 14-kilometer wall of rammed earth enclosed the oute...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/ancient-linzi/">Ancient Linzi on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Rolfmueller | CC BY-SA 3.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 14 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Ancient Linzi: Where Philosophy Was Paid For</title>
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      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Rolfmueller, CC BY-SA 3.0. Between roughly 315 and 285 BC, the kings of Qi sponsored the Jixia Academy in Linzi -- the earliest and largest center of learning in Chinese history up to that point. The academy was an extraordinary experiment in state-funded intellectual life. Chosen scholars received a hands...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Rolfmueller, CC BY-SA 3.0. Between roughly 315 and 285 BC, the kings of Qi sponsored the Jixia Academy in Linzi -- the earliest and largest center of learning in Chinese history up to that point. The academy was an extraordinary experiment in state-funded intellectual life. Chosen scholars received a hands...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/ancient-linzi/">Ancient Linzi on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Rolfmueller | CC BY-SA 3.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 14 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Ancient Linzi: The Last City to Fall</title>
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      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Rolfmueller, CC BY-SA 3.0. Linzi's importance can be measured by the fact that it was the last major capital conquered by Qin Shi Huang -- the man who would become China's first emperor. In 221 BC, the Qin army occupied Linzi, and with its fall, the Qi state ceased to exist. The unification of China was co...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Rolfmueller, CC BY-SA 3.0. Linzi's importance can be measured by the fact that it was the last major capital conquered by Qin Shi Huang -- the man who would become China's first emperor. In 221 BC, the Qin army occupied Linzi, and with its fall, the Qi state ceased to exist. The unification of China was co...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/ancient-linzi/">Ancient Linzi on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Rolfmueller | CC BY-SA 3.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 14 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Ancient Linzi: What the Horses Tell Us</title>
      <link>https://qualla.com/ancient-linzi/</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Photo credit Rolfmueller, CC BY-SA 3.0. More than 100 tumuli surround the ruins of Linzi, some as far as 10 kilometers from the old city walls. Many were looted in antiquity, their contents scattered or destroyed. But the horse sacrifice pits near Duke Jing's tomb survived intact, and they speak to a culture of lavish ...]]></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Photo credit Rolfmueller, CC BY-SA 3.0. More than 100 tumuli surround the ruins of Linzi, some as far as 10 kilometers from the old city walls. Many were looted in antiquity, their contents scattered or destroyed. But the horse sacrifice pits near Duke Jing's tomb survived intact, and they speak to a culture of lavish ...</p>
<p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://qualla.com/ancient-linzi/">Ancient Linzi on Qualla</a></p><p><em>Image: Rolfmueller | CC BY-SA 3.0</em></p>]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sat, 14 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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